Distance Stereoacuity by Frisby Davis Distance Stereotest after Surgery in Intermittent Exotropic Patients

Tae Kang Kyung; Chun Lee Young; Youp Lee Se

doi:10.3341/jkos.2013.54.7.1086

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Kyung, Young, and Se: Distance Stereoacuity by Frisby Davis Distance Stereotest after Surgery in Intermittent Exotropic Patients

Original Article

J Korean Ophthalmol Soc 2013;54(7):1086-1090.

Published online: 7 September 2013

DOI: https://doi.org/10.3341/jkos.2013.54.7.1086

Distance Stereoacuity by Frisby Davis Distance Stereotest after Surgery in Intermittent Exotropic Patients

Tae Kang Kyung, MD¹, Chun Lee Young, MD, PhD², Youp Lee Se, MD, PhD¹

¹Department of Ophthalmology, Keimyung University Dongsan Medical Center, Keimyung University School of Medicine¹, Daegu, Korea

²Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Uijeongbu St. Mary’s Hospital, The Catholic University of Korea College of Medicine², Uijeongbu, Korea

Address reprint requests to Se Youp Lee, MD, PhD Department of Ophthalmology, Keimyung University Dongsan Medical Center, #56 Dalseong-ro, Jung-gu, Daegu 700-712, Korea Tel: 82-53-250-8400, Fax: 82-53-250-7707 E-mail: lsy3379@dsmc.or.kr

* This study was presented as a narration at the 107th Annual Meeting of the Korean Ophthalmology Society 2012.

Received 29 December 201211 February 2013 Accepted 25 April 2013

This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/) which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

Abstract

Purpose

To compare distance stereoacuity in patients with intermittent exotropia before and after surgery using the Frisby Davis distance stereotest (FD2), and to determine the preoperative factors that affect the postoperative distance stereoacuity.

Methods

A total of 56 patients with intermittent exotropia were examined for the present study. To determine preoperative factors that affect postoperative distance stereoacuity, age, gender, distance control, and presence of fusion were measured. The deviation angle was measured at near and at distance by using a prism cover test. Distance stereoacuity was measured with the FD2 test.

Results

According to the results of the FD2 test, the mean preoperative distance stereoacuity of patients was 64.7 ± 76.1 sec of arc, and improved to 53.6 ± 85.9 sec of arc postoperatively. The distance stereoacuity improved notably from 63.0 to 40.0 sec of arc after the successful surgery. No significant correlation was present between type of surgery, distance control, presence of fusion, and postoperative improvement of distance steroacuity.

Conclusions

Decreased stereoacuity in intermittent exotropic patients improved postoperatively, and the FD2 test was valuable in evaluating the stereoacuity in intermittent exotropic patients pre- and postoperatively.

Keywords: Distance stereoacuity, Frisby Davis distance stereoacuity, Intermittent exotropia

References

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2. von Noorden GK. Binocular vision and ocular motility: theory and management of strabismus, 5th ed. St. Louis:: Mosby;1996. p. 341–59.

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4. Stathacopoulos RA, Rosenbaum AL, Zanoni D, et al. Distance ster-eoacuity: assessing control in intermittent exotropia. Ophthalmology. 1993; 100:495–500.

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9. Yildirim C, Altinsoy HI, Eakut E. Distance stereoacuity norms for the Mentor B-VAT II-SG videoacuity tester in young children and young adult. J AAPOS. 1998; 2:26–32.

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Table 1.

Changes in Frisby Davis distance stereotest according to the results of surgery

Results	No. of subjects	Stereoacuity	y (sec arc)	p-value^*
Results	No. of subjects	Preoperative	Postoperative	p-value^*
Success^†	42	63.0 ± 69.5	40.0 ± 58.6	0.00
Overcorrection^‡	4	45.0 ± 10.0	245.0 ± 187.9	0.14
Undercorrection^§	10	80.0 ± 113.5	34.0 ± 9.7	0.07
All subjects	56	64.7 ± 76.1	53.6 ± 85.9	0.04

Values are presented as mean ± SD. Sec arc = seconds of arc.

^* Statistics by Wilcoxon signed rank test

^† 8ET ≤ Postoperative deviation at far ≤ 8XT

^‡ Postoperative deviation at far > 8ET

^§ Postoperative deviation at far > 8XT.

Table 2.

Comparative Stereoacuity Values of Frisby Davis distance stereotest by type of surgery

Type of surgery	No. of subjects	Stereoacuity (sec arc)		p-value^*
Type of surgery	No. of subjects	Preoperative	Postoperative	p-value^*
R & R	43	69.0	59.5	0.04
BLR	4	65.0	40.0	0.32
R or R	9	44.4	31.1	0.01

Sec arc = seconds of arc; R & R = recession and resection; BLR = bilateral lateral rectus recession; R or R = lateral rectus recession or medial rectus resection.

^* Statistics by Wilcoxon signed rank test.

Table 3.

Comparative stereoacuity values of Frisby Davis distance stereotest by office control

Control	No. of subjects	Stereoacuity (sec arc)		p-value^*
Control	No. of subjects	Preoperative	Postoperative	p-value^*
^Good	11	50.9	29.1	0.01
Fair	11 23	50.9 44.4	79.1	0.01 0.04
Poor	22	93.0	39.1	0.03

Sec arc = seconds of arc.

^* Statistics by Wilcoxon signed rank test.

Table 4.

Comparative stereoacuity values of Frisby Davis distance stereotest by Worth 4 Dot Test

Results	No. of subjects	Stereoacuity (sec arc)		p-value^*
Results	No. of subjects	Preoperative	Postoperative	p-value^*
Fusion	22	44.6	56.6	0.38
Suppression	34	77.8	53.5	0.04

Sec arc = seconds of arc.

^* Statistics by Wilcoxon signed rank test.

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