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Moon and Paik: Long-Term Follow-Up of Refractive Accommodative Esotropia: Decompensation and Cessation of Spectacle Use
Original Article
Journal of the Korean Ophthalmological Society

Journal of the Korean Ophthalmological Society 2012; 53(4): 553-558.

Published online: 17 April 2012

DOI: https://doi.org/10.3341/jkos.2012.53.4.553

Long-Term Follow-Up of Refractive Accommodative Esotropia: Decompensation and Cessation of Spectacle Use

Ho Seok Moon, MD, Hae Jung Paik, MD, PhD

Department of Ophthalmology, Gachon University Gil Hospital, Incheon, Korea.

Address reprint requests to Hae Jung Paik, MD, PhD. Department of Ophthalmology, Gachon University Gil Hospital, #21 Namdong-daero 774beon-gil, Namdong-gu, Incheon 405-760, Korea. Tel: 82-32-460-3364, Fax: 82-32-460-3358, hjpaik@gilhospital.com

Received 15 April 2011       Accepted 16 March 2012

Copyright © 2012 The Korean Ophthalmological Society

Abstract

Purpose

To analyze clinical characteristics of refractive accommodative esotropia related with the occurrence of decompensation and cessation of spectacle use.

Methods

The records of 60 patients with refractive accommodative esotropia were reviewed. Patients were divided into a control or decompensation group. Twenty-nine patients in the control group who were followed up for long-term were divided into two groups based on spectacle use.

Results

In the decompensation group, the amounts of near and distant esodeviation without correction at the first visit and the frequency of failure to achieve central fusion were significantly greater than the control group (p < 0.05). Ages at the onset of esodeviation and first visit, the amount of hyperopia at the first visit, the amounts of controlled esodeviation, amblyopia, and anisometropia were not significantly different between the two groups (p > 0.05). In the group that no longer required glasses, the age at the first visit was greater and the amount of hyperopia and the near and distant esodeviations without correction at the first visit were significantly greater than the glasses-wearing group (p < 0.05). Age at the onset of esodeviation, the amount of controlled esodeviation, refractive change per year, stereopsis, amblyopia, and anisometropia were not significantly different between the two groups (p > 0.05).

Conclusions

In refractive accommodative esotropia, a larger amount of esodeviation at the first visit and failure to achieve central fusion are risk factors for developing decompensation. The older age at diagnosis and smaller amounts of hyperopia and esodeviation at the first visit are predictive factors for the cessation of spectacle use.

Keywords: Cessation of spectacle use, Decompensation, Refractive accommodative esotropia

Figures and Tables

Table 1
Clinical characteristics of control and decompensation group
jkos-53-553-i001

Values are presented as n or mean ± SD.

D = diopters; PD = prism diopters.

*Mann-Whitney U test.

Table 2
Accompanying abnormalities of control and decompensation group
jkos-53-553-i002

Values are presented as % (n).

*Chi-square test; †Unable to achieve central fusion.

Table 3
Clinical characteristics of glasses-wearing and glasses-off group
jkos-53-553-i003

Values are presented as n or mean ± SD.

D = diopters; PD = prism diopters.

*Mann-Whitney U test.

Table 4
Accompanying abnormalities of control and decompensation group
jkos-53-553-i004

Values are presented as % (n).

*Chi-square test; †Unable to achieve central fusion.

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