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Yoo, Kim, Lee, and Lee: Changes in Macular Thickness after Cataract Surgery According to Optical Coherence Tomography
Original Article
Journal of the Korean Ophthalmological Society

Journal of the Korean Ophthalmological Society 2012; 53(2): 246-255.

Published online: 15 February 2012

DOI: https://doi.org/10.3341/jkos.2012.53.2.246

Changes in Macular Thickness after Cataract Surgery According to Optical Coherence Tomography

Jae Ho Yoo, MD, Soo Young Kim, MD, Seung Uk Lee, MD, Sang Joon Lee, MD

Department of Ophthalmology, College of Medicine, Kosin University, Busan, Korea.

Address reprint requests to Sang Joon Lee, MD. Department of Ophthalmology, Kosin University Gospel Hospital, #262 Gamcheon-ro, Seo-gu, Busan 602-702, Korea. Tel: 82-51-990-6215, Fax: 82-51-990-3026, hhiatus@daum.net

Received 8 June 2011       Accepted 8 December 2011

Copyright © 2012 The Korean Ophthalmological Society

Abstract

Purpose

To compare the changes in central subfield macular thickness (CSMT) using optical coherence tomography (OCT) after cataract surgery and to evaluate the risk factors of macular edema.

Methods

The retrospective study consisted of 55 eyes of 50 patients who underwent phacoemulsification. All of these eyes were assessed by OCT and best-corrected visual acuity, and fundus examination before and one month after surgery. CSMT was measured based on a central thickness of 1 mm, and macular edema was defined as an increase of CSMT in 30% or more after surgery than before.

Results

CSMT significantly increased by 22.2 ± 47.10 µm at 1 month after cataract surgery in the operated eye compared with the fellow eye (p = 0.01). The diabetic retinopathy group and hypertensive group showed more significant increases than the non-diabetic and non-hypertensive group. Macular edema developed in seven of 55 eyes (12.7%), and they consisted of five moderate or more severe diabetic retinopathies and two epiretinal membrane. Four weeks after surgery, the macular edema group showed more decrease in visual acuity; however, the CSMT was not correlated with the duration of diabetes mellitus, types of surgical incision, HbA1c or other factors.

Conclusions

CSMT increased in the operated eye after cataract surgery, especially in eyes with diabetic retinopathy and hypertension. Moderate or more severe diabetic retinopathy and macular lesions such as epiretinal membrane increased the risk of macular edema after cataract surgery.

Keywords: Cataract extraction, Macular thickness, Optical coherence tomography

Figures and Tables

Figure 1
(A) Preoperative fundus photograph shows severe nonproliferative diabetic retinopathy and hard exudates near macula. OCT image shows normal foveal contour. (B) Postoperative fundus photograph and OCT image shows significant macular edema.
jkos-53-246-g001
Figure 2
(A) Preoperative fundus photograph shows epiretinal membreane. (B) Postoperative OCT image shows epiretinal membrane and significant macular edema.
jkos-53-246-g002
Table 1
Demographics of patients
jkos-53-246-i001

Values are presented as mean ± SD or n (%) unless otherwise indicated.

SD = standard deviation; DM = diabetes mellitus; DR = diabetic retinopathy.

Table 2
Central subfield macular thickness before and after cataract surgery
jkos-53-246-i002

Mann-Whitney U test.

CSMT = central subfield macular thickness; DM = diabetes mellitus; DR = diabetic retinopathy; SD = standard deviation.

*p < 0.05; †p-value for the difference between operated and fellow eye; ‡Compared two variables in same eye.

Table 3
Change of mean central subfield macular thickness 1 month after cataract surgery
jkos-53-246-i003

Mann-Whitney U test.

CSMT = central subfield macular thickness; DM = diabetes mellitus; DR = diabetic retinopathy; SD = standard deviation.

*p < 0.05; †p-value for the difference between operated and fellow eye; ‡Compared two variables in same eye.

Table 4
Central subfield macular thickness in non-macular edema and macular edema group
jkos-53-246-i004

Mann-Whitney U test.

SD = standard deviation.

*p < 0.05.

Table 5
Change in best corrected log MAR visual acuity after cataract surgery
jkos-53-246-i005

Mann-Whitney U test.

SD = standard deviation.

*p < 0.05.

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