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Lim, Jang, and Jang: Frequency and Characteristic Findings of the Common Canaliculus in Koreans
Original Article
Journal of the Korean Ophthalmological Society

Journal of the Korean Ophthalmological Society 2012; 53(11): 1549-1553.

Published online: 19 November 2012

DOI: https://doi.org/10.3341/jkos.2012.53.11.1549

Frequency and Characteristic Findings of the Common Canaliculus in Koreans

Eun Hae Lim, MD, Sun Young Jang, MD, Jae Woo Jang, MD, PhD

Myung-Gok Eye Research Institute, Konyang University Kim's Eye Hospital, Seoul, Korea.

Address reprint requests to Jae Woo Jang, MD, PhD. Myung-Gok Eye Research Institute, Konyang University Kim's Eye Hospital, #136 Yeongsin-ro, Yeongdeungpo-gu, Seoul 150-034, Korea. Tel: 82-2-2639-7777, Fax: 82-2-2633-3976, jwjang63@gmail.com

Received 4 May 2012       Accepted 24 September 2012

Copyright © 2012 The Korean Ophthalmological Society

Abstract

Purpose

To investigate the different types of anatomical connection between the lacrimal sac and the canaliculi using digital subtraction dacryocystography (DCG) in Koreans.

Methods

The authors of the present study performed digital subtraction DCG in Korean patients who presented with epiphora from January 2010 until December 2010. The 248 patients (496 eyes) who achieved a satisfactory DCG image were classified as follows: 1) type I: visible common canaliculus (CC), 2) type II: no visible CC and the canaliculi entering the sac at the point where they meet on the sac wall (common opening), 3) type III: no visible CC and common opening, and each canaliculus entering the sac from different points.

Results

Out of a total of 496 eyes, CC was observed in 449 eyes (type I: 90.5%). In 41 eyes (8.3%), the CC was absent (type II), but the upper and lower canaliculi joined at the wall of the lacrimal sac. In 6 eyes (1.2%), the upper and lower canaliculi entered the sac separately (type III). Eighteen patients (7.3%) showed different types of lacrimal drainage system between the 2 eyes.

Conclusions

The CC may not exist in all patients, and the type of anatomical connection between the lacrimal sac and the canaliculi may be different between the eyes in the same individuals. Although such patients comprise a minority, anatomical knowledge of the lacrimal drainage system could be helpful to assess and manage patients with lacrimal drainage disorder.

Keywords: Common canaliculus, Digital subtraction dacryocystography, Lacrimal drainage system, Lacrimal sac

Figures and Tables

Figure 1
The upper and lower canaliculi can connect to the lacrimal sac by 3 different ways: (A) Type I is a common canaliculus. (B) Type II is a common opening. (C) Type III is where the upper and lower canaliculi enter the lacrimal sac separately.
jkos-53-1549-g001
Table 1
Types of canalicular connection and symmetry on bilateral dacryocystogram
jkos-53-1549-i001

Values are presented as number (%).

*Canalicular types indicates the combination of canalicular types bilaterally indicated in each group of patients.

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