Measurement of Anterior Segment Using Visante OCT in Koreans

Deok Goo Lee; Si Hwan Choi

doi:10.3341/jkos.2009.50.4.542

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Lee and Choi: Measurement of Anterior Segment Using Visante OCT in Koreans

Original Article

J Korean Ophthalmol Soc 2009;50(4):542-550.

Published online: 7 September 2009

DOI: https://doi.org/10.3341/jkos.2009.50.4.542

Measurement of Anterior Segment Using Visante OCT in Koreans

Deok Goo Lee, MD, Si Hwan Choi, MD

Department of Ophthalmology, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Korea

Address reprint requests to Si Hwan Choi, MD, Department of Ophthalmology, Chungnam National University Hospital #640 Daesa-dong, Jung-gu, Daejeon 301-721, Korea Tel: 82-42-280-7609, Fax: 82-42-255-3745, E-mail: shchoi@cnu.ac.kr

Received 18 September 2008 Accepted 25 November 2008

This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/) which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

Abstract

Purpose

To obtain the average values of anterior segment structures of adult Koreans using Visante OCT in relation to age and sex, and to compare the central corneal thickness values with these measurements using an A-scan ultrasonic pachymeter.

Methods

Anterior segment images were obtained in 185 Korean (298 eyes) using Visante OCT. Four different parameters (central corneal thickness, anterior chamber depth, anterior chamber angle, and internal anterior chamber diameter) were measured at four meridians (vertical, horizontal, 45 degrees, and 135 degrees). Afterwards, the same examiner performed A-scan ultrasonic pachymetry to measure central corneal thickness.

Results

Central corneal thickness values measured using Visante OCT were significantly less than those obtained using an A-scan ultrasonic pachymeter (p=0.000). Central corneal thickness, anterior chamber angle, and internal anterior chamber diameters were all smaller in females than in males (p<0.05). Anterior chamber depth, anterior chamber angle, and internal anterior chamber diameter showed a significant decrease according to increasing age in both sexes (p<0.05).

Conclusions

Average values and changes of anterior segment structures in relation to age and sex were established using Visante OCT in Korean adults. These results may be useful as standard values in anterior segment surgeries as well as in the diagnosis and follow-up of certain anterior segment diseases.

Keywords: Anterior segment, Average values, Measurement, Visante OCT

References

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Figure 1.

Optical coherence tomography image (Visante OCT) with graphic tools for measurement of different anterior chamber dimensions. A caliper for anterior chamber depth and internal anterior chamber diameter measurements is used. Anterior chamber depth is measured between the corneal endothelium and a line joining the two opposite iris recesses. Internal anterior chamber diameter is measured between corresponding iris recesses.

Figure 2.

Optical coherence tomography (Visante OCT) cross-sectional view through the anterior chamber angle region. Anterior chamber angle (ACA) is measured with the apex in the iris recess and the arms of the angle passing through a point on the trabecular meshwork at 500 µm from the scleral spur and the point on the iris perpendicularly opposite.

Figure 3.

An example of pachymetry mode of Visante OCT. Every sector has three values indicating minimum, average, and maximum corneal thickness in sequence from the above. Average value is the representative of the sector.

Figure 4.

Graphs show the results that there is no statistically significant relationship between central corneal thickness and age.

Figure 5.

Relationship between several parameters of the anterior segment and age. (A) Anterior chamber depth, (B) anterior chamber angle, and (C) internal anterior chamber diameter show a significant decrease in relation to age. (D) Spherical equivalent shows a significant shift from myopia to hyperopia in relation to age.

Table 1.

Demographics & Refractive error of the subjects

Age (years)	Demographics		Spherical equivalent (mean±SD)
Age (years)	Male	Female	Male	Female
20∼29	33	30	−3.84±1.88	−5.15±3.54
30∼39	26	26	−2.48±2.37	−2.04±2.11
40∼49	29	34	−1.94±1.84	−1.58±2.21
50∼59	29	31	−0.35±2.07	−0.60±1.67
60∼	28	32	+0.55±1.74	+0.36±1.22
Total (298)	145	153	−1.67±2.52	−1.75±2.92

Table 2.

Central corneal thickness measured by Visante OCT and ultrasonic pachymeter (mean± SD, µm)

Age (years)	Visante OCT		Ultrasonic pachymeter
Age (years)	Male	Female	Male	Female
20∼29	535.2±30.4	522.4±32.4	551.8±24.9	543.6±31.3
30∼39	536.5±27.4	525.2±29.2	553.3±26.3	545.3±25.8
40∼49	529.1±30.3	517.2±32.3	547.6±30.6	534.4±34.4
50∼59	535.0±40.2	511.8±32.5	553.4±38.7	530.5±34.4
60∼	529.1±32.4	518.8±33.7	541.0±29.1	536.8±38.7
Total	533.0±32.2^*	518.8±32.0^*	549.5±30.2^†	537.8±33.5^†

^* p-value=0.000, comparing male and female.

^† p-value=0.002, comparing male and female.

Table 3.

Anterior chamber depth, anterior chamber angle, and internal anterior chamber diameter

Age (years)	Anterior chamber depth (mean±SD, mm)		Anterior chamber angle (mean±SD, degree)		Internal anterior chamber diameter (mean±SD, mm)
Age (years)	Male	Female	Male	Female	Male	Female
20∼29	3.23±0.24	3.31±0.23	46.7±8.1	44.9±7.7	12.02±0.47	11.83±0.48
30∼39	3.13±0.27	3.16±0.22	46.9±8.8	41.6±6.6	11.69±0.48	11.67±0.44
40∼49	3.03±0.22	3.04±0.26	36.7±7.7	36.5±8.7	11.44±0.43	11.35±0.50
50∼59	3.01±0.21	2.90±0.29	34.9±9.5	31.5±7.8	11.35±0.42	11.13±0.44
60∼	2.89±0.23	2.86±0.28	34.8±5.4	33.4±9.1	11.13±0.48	11.02±0.53
Total	3.06±0.26^*	3.05±0.30^*	40.1±9.7^†	37.3±9.4^†	11.54±0.55^‡	11.39±0.57^‡

^* p-value=0.665, comparing male and female

^† p-value=0.014, comparing male and female

^‡ p-value=0.017, comparing male and female.

Table 4.

Anterior chamber angle at 8 orientations (mean± SD, degree)

Eight orientations	Anterior chamber angle (degree)
Nasal	37.3±10.6^*
Superonasal	36.3±10.0^†
Superior	37.9±10.3
Superotemporal	38.1±11.2
Temporal	41.2±11.9^*
Inferotemporal	41.7±11.6^†
Inferior	38.3±9.8
Inferonasal	38.7±11.1

^* p-value=0.000, comparing nasal and temporal

^† p-value=0.000, comparing superonasal and inferotemporal.

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