Evaluation of Mood Disturbance in Korean Patients With Dysthyroid Ophthalmopathy

Ji Sun Paik; Suk Woo Yang

doi:10.3341/jkos.2009.50.9.1301

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Paik and Yang: Evaluation of Mood Disturbance in Korean Patients With Dysthyroid Ophthalmopathy

Original Article

J Korean Ophthalmol Soc 2009;50(9):1301-1307.

Published online: 7 September 2009

DOI: https://doi.org/10.3341/jkos.2009.50.9.1301

Evaluation of Mood Disturbance in Korean Patients With Dysthyroid Ophthalmopathy

Ji Sun Paik, MD, Suk Woo Yang, MD

Department of Ophthalmology, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea

Address reprint requests to Suk Woo Yang, MD Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University #505 Banpo-dong, Seocho-gu, Seoul 137-701, Korea Tel: 82-2-2258-2846, Fax: 82-2-599-7405, E-mail: yswoph@catholic.ac.kr

Received 11 January 2009 Accepted 2 June 2009

This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/) which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

Abstract

Purpose

to measure mood disturbance of Korean patients with dysthyroid ophthalmopathy according to the severity of ophthalmopathy.

Methods

Fifty patients with dysthyroid ophthalmopathy (mean age: 46.6±12.1 years; 32 female patients and 18 male patients) were included, and classified into 2 groups according to the disease severity. Twenty-five patients were classified with moderate/severe diseases (study group) and 25 patients classified with negligible/mild disease (control group). All patients completed a mood survey of 65 questions to assess differences in the degree of emotional distress.

Results

Analysis of each group showed that patients with moderate/severe ophthalmopathy had significantly greater emotional distress than patients with negligible/mild ophthalmopathy according to the Korean Profile of Mood States mean total score (p=0.03). In particular, patients with disfigurement (proptosis predominant group) had significantly worsen emotional distress compared with the control group (p=0.007), whereas patients with diplopia (diplopia predominant group) had no significant difference compared with the control group (p=0.60).

Conclusions

Patients with moderate to severe ophthalmopathy have significant emotional distress, and severe mood disturbance especially when disfiguring signs are predominant. The psychological burden of the disease should be recognized, and routine followup recommended along with additional psychiatric consultation.

Keywords: Dysthyroid ophthalmopathy, Mood disturbance

References

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Table 1.

Demographic of participants with Graves ophthalmopathy

	Study group (n=25)	Control group (n=25)	Significance^∗
Mean (SD), age(year)	42.6 (13.8)	51.2 (8.0)	p=0.15
Sex (%)
Female	17 (68)	15 (60)
Male	8 (32)	10 (40)	p=0.57
Duration of disease	3 month∼5 years	3 month∼5 years	p=0.65
Hollingshead 2 factor index	No (%)	No (%)
Level 1	3 (12)	4 (16)
Level 2	10 (40)	9 (36)
Level 3	6 (24)	5 (20)
Level 4	5 (20)	5 (20)
Level 5	1 (4)	2 (8)	p=0.54

^∗ Unpaired t test, statistically significance p<0.05.

Table 2.

Profile of K-POMS total and subscale scores in the study and control group

	Mean (SD)		p value
	Study group (n=25)	Control group (n=25)	p value
POMS total	59.5 (27.7)	42.8 (16.1)	p=0.03^∗
POMS subscale
Tension-anxiety	10.1 (5.5)	6.8 (3.6)	p=0.038^∗
Depression-dejection	13.7 (8.7)	7.3 (5.2)	p=0.011^∗
Anger-hostility	12.2 (8.5)	6.6 (4.7)	p=0.018^∗
Vigor-activity	6.9 (4.0)	9.4 (3.58)	p=0.072
Fatigue-inertia	10.3 (4.0)	8.5 (4.6)	p=0.208
Confusion-bewilderment	6.2 (2.8)	4.4 (2.2)	p=0.038^∗

^∗ ANOVA test p<0.05: statistically significant.

Table 3.

Profile of total POMS and subscale scores in the proptosis and muscle restriction and the control group

	Mean (SD)
	Control (n=25)	Proptosis (n=10)	Muscle restriction (n=10)
POMS total	42.8 (16.1)	76.6 (23.3)	48.3 (24.6)
POMS subscale
Tension-anxiety	6.8 (3.6)	12.5 (5.7)	8.5 (5.3)
Depression-dejection	7.5 (5.2)	20.2 (6.6)	9.4 (6.2)
Anger-hostility	6.6 (4.7)	16.4 (8.8)	11.0 (8.5)
Vigor-activity	9.4 (3.8)	6.8 (3.3)	5.7 (4.4)
Fatigue-inertia	8.5 (4.6)	12.7 (3.6)	9.5 (2.5)
Confusion-bewilderment	4.4 (2.2)	7.6 (2.5)	4.2 (2.4)

One way ANOVA in POMS total score : between control and proptosis, p=0.007

between control and Ms restriction, p=0.60

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