Abstract
Purpose
To evaluate the effect of Optibiol®, which is composed of multiple anti-oxidative and anti-inflammatory dietary elements, on the symptoms, clinical manifestations, and expression of various inflammatory cytokines in dry eye patients.
Methods
Patients suffering from dry eye were given Optibiol® for 3 months. They completed questionnaires regarding dry eye symptom and underwent slit lamp biomicroscopic examinations, tear film breakup times, Shirmer tests, and conjunctival fluorescein staining examinations on a monthly basis during the intake of Optibiol®. Sampling of serum and tears was conducted at baseline and 3 months after taking Optibiol®, and various inflammatory cytokines in the serum and tears were measured with multiplex bead immunoassay.
Result
Sixty-three patients were included in this study. After taking Optibiol®, the dry eye symptoms, Schirmer scores, tear film breakup times, and conjunctival staining scores (Oxford scale) showed significant improvement, and the expression of most inflammatory cytokines had decreased: in particular, IL-1? and MIP-1? in serum, and IL-17 and MIP-1? in tears were significantly lower.
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![]() | Figure 1.Changes in scores of 6 ocular symptoms before and after taking Optibiol®.* p<0.05 : One way ANOVA, Duncan multiple range test. |
![]() | Figure 2.Changes in Schirmer score and tear break-up time before and after taking Optibiol®. BUT=tear film breakup time,* p<0.05 : One way ANOVA, Duncan multiple range test. |
![]() | Figure 3.Concentration of inflammatory cytokines in serum, before and after taking Optibiol®. After taking Optibiol®, the expression of most inflammatory cytokines had decreased in serum, especially IL-1β and MIP-1β were significantly lower; IL=interleukin; TNF-α=tumor necrosis factor-α; MIP-1β=macrophage inflammatory protein-1β; MCP-1=monocyte chemoattractant protein-1; * p<0.05 : Student T-test. |
![]() | Figure 4.According to age groups, changes of inflammatory cytokines in serum after taking Optibiol®. No significant difference in changes of inflammatory cytokines in serum after taking Optibiol®, according to age groups; IL=interleukin; TNF-α=tumor necrosis factor-α; MIP-1β=macrophage inflammatory protein-1β; MCP-1=monocyte chemoattractant protein-1. |
![]() | Figure 5.Changes of inflammatory cytokines in serum according to sex after taking Optibiol®. No significant difference in changes of inflammatory cytokines in serum after taking Optibiol®, according to sex. IL=interleukin; TNF-α=tumor necrosis factor-α; MIP-1β=macrophage inflammatory protein-1β; MCP-1=monocyte chemoattractant protein-1. |
![]() | Figure 6.Concentrations of inflammatory cytokines in tear, before and after taking Optibiol®. After taking Optibiol®, the expression of all inflammatory cytokines had decreased in tear, especially IL-17 and MIP-1β were significantly lower. IL=interleukin; G-CSF=granulocyte colony stimulating factor; MIP-1β=macrophage inflammatory protein-1β. |
![]() | Figure 7.Changes of concentrations of inflammatory cytokines in tear according to age groups and sex after taking Optibiol®. No significant difference in changes of inflammatory cytokines in serum after taking Optibiol®, according to age groups and sex. IL=interleukin; G-CSF=granulocyte colony stimulating factor; MIP-1β=macrophage inflammatory protein-1β. |
Table 1.
Nutritional facts in 1 capsule of Optibiol®
Table 2.
Changes of conjunctival staining scores and serum lipid level before and after taking Optibiol
Baseline | After 3 months | p-value∗ | |
---|---|---|---|
Conjunctival stain score (OD) | 1.48 | 0.94 | 0.000 |
Conjunctival stain score (OS) | 1.48 | 0.98 | 0.000 |
Total cholesterol | 182.77 mg/dl | 182.49 mg/dl | 0.939 |
Triglyceride | 130.93 mg/dl | 133.02 mg/dl | 0.818 |
Low density lipoprotein (LDL) | 114.63 mg/dl | 110.46 mg/dl | 0.217 |
High density lipoprotein (HDL) | 55.76 mg/dl | 59.42 mg/dl | 0.018 |