Primary Mucosa-associated Lymphoid Tissue Lymphoma Metachronously Involving Esophagus and Stomach

Seung Joo Byun; Hyoun Woo Kang; Joo Kyoung Cha; Soo Ryeong Ryoo; Jeong Hyeon Lee; Do Yeon Kim; Eo Jin Kim

doi:10.4166/kjg.2016.67.5.257

Journal List > Korean J Gastroenterol > v.67(5) > 1007509

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Byun, Kang, Cha, Ryoo, Lee, Kim, and Kim: Primary Mucosa-associated Lymphoid Tissue Lymphoma Metachronously Involving Esophagus and Stomach

Case Report

Korean J Gastroenterol 2016;67(5):257-261.

Published online: 4 October 2016

DOI: https://doi.org/10.4166/kjg.2016.67.5.257

Primary Mucosa-associated Lymphoid Tissue Lymphoma Metachronously Involving Esophagus and Stomach

Seung Joo Byun, Hyoun Woo Kang, Joo Kyoung Cha, Soo Ryeong Ryoo, Jeong Hyeon Lee, Do Yeon Kim, Eo Jin Kim¹

Department of Internal Medicine, Dongguk University Ilsan Hospital, Goyang, Korea

¹Department of Pathology, Dongguk University Ilsan Hospital, Goyang, Korea

Correspondence to: Hyoun Woo Kang, Department of Internal Medicine, Dongguk University Ilsan Hospital, 27 Dongguk-ro, Ilsandong-gu, Goyang 10326, Korea. Tel: +82-31-961-7128, Fax: +82-31-961-7141, E-mail: gangmali@naver.com

Received 25 September 2015 Revised 13 February 2016 Accepted 22 February 2016

This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/) which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

Abstract

Mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) lymphoma is found in various organs as extranodal B cell lymphoma. The gastrointestinal tract is the most commonly involved extranodal site in MALT lymphoma. However, primary esophageal MALT lymphoma is very rare. In addition, few cases with metachronous gastric involvement have been reported. A 55-year-old man was diagnosed with MALT lymphoma by surveillance esophagogastroduodenoscopy. A 5 cm esophageal submucosal tumor-like lesion was incidentally revealed by screening esophagogastroduodenoscopy two years prior. Esophagogastroduodenoscopy showed a cylin-drically elongated submucosal mass with normal overlying mucosa in the mid esophagus. He underwent surgery to confirm the diagnosis. The pathologic diagnosis was esophageal MALT lymphoma. He was treated with radiation, which achieved complete remission. Esophagogastroduodenoscopy and chest computed tomography were performed every three to six months, with no evidence of recurrence for 18 months. After 21 months, several elevated gastric erosions were found on the great curvature and posterior sides of the midbody and confirmed as MALT lymphoma pathologically. Here we report a case with MALT lymphoma metachronously involving the esophagus and stomach.

Keywords: Marginal zone B-cell lymphoma, Esophagus, Stomach, Metachronous

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Fig. 1.

Intial endoscopic and pathologic findings of the esophageal mass. (A) Esophagogastroduodenoscopy reveals elongated esophageal submucosal tumor-like lesion of the esophagus 25–30 cm from the incisor teeth. (B) Esophagogastroduodenoscopy reveals erosion on the antrum. (C) EUS shows an ovoid homogenous hypoechoic mass located in the submucosal layers. (D) Diffuse infiltration of atypical lymphoid cells (H&E,×100). (E) Positive immunoreactivity for the CD20 protein (immunohistochemistry, ×400).

Fig. 2.

Follow-up endoscopic, pathologic and PET findings of gastric lesion. (A) Esophagogastroduodenoscopy shows mucosal fold fusion on the greater curvature of the midbody. (B) Esophagogastroduodenoscopy shows erosion on the posterior wall of the midbody. (C) The lymphoid infiltrate in mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) lymphoma extends deeper into the lamina propria (H&E, ×200; arrow, lymphoepithelial lesion). (D) Immunohistochemistry for CD20 shows many B-cells and contains lymphoepithelial lesions in which neoplastic B-cells infiltrated (immunohistochemistry, ×400; arrow, lymphoepithelial lesion). (E) Whole body PET-CT shows diffuse hypermetabolic lesion (maximum standardized uptake value=4.1) in the greater curvature side wall of body in stomach and hypermetabolic lesion (maximum standardized uptake value=5.4) in the right middle lung subpleural space.

Fig. 3.

Esophagogastroduodenoscopic and PET findings following chemotherapy. (A) Esophagogastroduodenoscopy shows whitish mucosal change by scar. (B) Esophagogastroduodenoscopy shows no mucosal change on the posterior wall of the midbody. (C) Abnormal hypermetabolic lesions are not detected in the stomach and lung using PET-CT.

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