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Abstract
Approximately 3–15% of patients who have undergone removal of bile duct stones with endoscopic sphincterotomy have recurrence of stones which often presents as acute cholangitis. Despite better understanding on the factors and mechanisms underlying the recurrence of bile duct stones achieved during the past few decades, endoscopic removal still remains the mainstay of management for recurrent bile duct stones. Recently investigated and suggested management of recurrent bile duct stones are highlighted in this review.
References
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Fig. 2.
Kaplan-Meier plot for the cumulative recurrence rate of common bile duct (CBD) stones. In cases of CBD diameter of 15 mm and more, the cumulative recurrence rate of CBD stones after endoscopic retreatment was significantly lower in the endoscopic papillary large balloon dilation (EPLBD) group than repeat the endoscopic sphincterotomy (EST) group.
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