Preclinical Experience in Stem Cell Therapy for Digestive Tract Diseases

Myung-Shin Jeon; Soon-Sun Hong

doi:10.4166/kjg.2011.58.3.133

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Jeon and Hong: Preclinical Experience in Stem Cell Therapy for Digestive Tract Diseases

Review Article

Korean J Gastroenterol 2011;58(3):133-138.

Published online: 4 October 2011

DOI: https://doi.org/10.4166/kjg.2011.58.3.133

Preclinical Experience in Stem Cell Therapy for Digestive Tract Diseases

Myung-Shin Jeon, Soon-Sun Hong

Clinical Research Center, School of Medicine, Inha University, Incheon, Korea

Correspondence to: Soon-Sun Hong, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Clinical Research Center, College of Medicine, Inha University, 7-241, 3-ga, Sinheung-dong, Jung-gu, Incheon 400-712, Korea. Tel: +82-32-890-3683, Fax: +82-32-890-2462, E-mail: hongs@inha.ac.kr

This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/) which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

Abstract

Adult stem cells are multipotent and self-renewing cells that contain several functions; i) migration and homing potential: stem cells can migrate to injured and inflamed tissues. ii) differentiation potential: stem cells which migrated to injured tissues can be differentiated into multiple cell types for repairing and regenerating the tissues. iii) immunomodulatory properties: stem cells, especially mesenchymal stem cells can suppress immune system such as inflammation. All those characteristics might be useful for the treatment of the digestive tract diseases which are complex and encompass a broad spectrum of different pathogenesis. Preclinical stem cell therapy showed some promising results, especially in liver failure, pancreatitis, sepsis, and inflammatory bowel disease. If we can understand more about the mechanism of stem cell action, stem cell therapy can become a promising alternative treatment for refractory digestive disease in the near future. In this review, we summarized current preclinical experiences in diseases of the digestive tract using stem cells.

Keywords: Stem cells, Digestive tract, Liver failure, Pancreatitis

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Fig. 1.

Scheme of digestive tract diseases investigated in preclinical stem cell therapy. Approximate numbers of published articles are indicated in parentheses.

Fig. 2.

Mechanism for therapeutic effects of mesenchymal stem cells on pancreatitis.²⁵

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