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Ha, Yun, Lee, Shin, Lee, Lee, and Chung: Survival Rates and Related Factors in Men with Hormone-Refractory Prostate Cancer
Original Article
Urological Oncology
Korean Journal of Urology

Korean Journal of Urology 2009; 50(7): 649-655.

Published online: 21 July 2009

DOI: https://doi.org/10.4111/kju.2009.50.7.649

Survival Rates and Related Factors in Men with Hormone-Refractory Prostate Cancer

Hong Koo Ha, Chang Jin Yun, Seung Soo Lee, Dong Gil Shin, Wan Lee, Zeong Zoo Lee, Moon Kee Chung

Department of Urology, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Busan, Korea.

Correspondence to: Wan Lee. Department of Urology, Pusan National University School of Medicine, 305, Gudeok-ro, Seo-gu, Busan 602-739, Korea. TEL: 051-240-7351, FAX: 051-247-5443, 2-wan@hanmail.net

Received 14 April 2009       Accepted 24 June 2009

Copyright © The Korean Urological Association, 2009

Abstract

Purpose

We evaluated survival rate in patients with hormone-refractory prostate cancer (HRPC) and the clinical factors that influenced survival rate and time.

Materials and Methods

The medical records of 96 patients who had HRPC and were not treated with chemotherapy from 2000 to 2008 were reviewed. We evaluated the survival rates at the 1st, 3rd, and 5th year by using Kaplan-Meier survival curves. We also evaluated survival differences according to clinical variables (clinical T stage, Gleason score, nadir prostate-specific antigen [PSA], PSA doubling time, and PSA velocity) by using the log-rank test and the relations between survival rates and these variables by using Cox proportional hazards models.

Results

The mean age of the patients was 67.8±7.5 years and the mean follow-up period was 23.3±13.7 months. Cancer-specific survival rates at the 1st, 3rd, and 5th year were 57.8%, 16.8%, and 10.1%, respectively, and survival differences were significantly related to nadir PSA (p=0.002) and PSA velocity (p=0.019). In the univariate analysis, nadir PSA (p=0.004) and PSA velocity (p=0.024) were related to survival rate, but only nadir PSA remained as a significant variable for survival rate in patients with HRPC in the multivariate analysis (p=0.044).

Conclusions

Cancer-specific survival rates in patients with HRPC at the 1st, 3rd, and 5th year were 57.8%, 16.8%, and 10.1%, respectively, and they were related to nadir PSA. These results may be useful in determining a therapeutic approach in patients with HRPC.

Keywords: Prostatic neoplasms, Survival, Risk factors

Figures and Tables

Fig. 1
Survival curves according to clinical T stage (A, p=0.244), Gleason score (B, p=0.565), nadir PSA (C, p=0.002), PSA doubling time (D, p=0.258), and PSA velocity (E, p=0.019). PSA: prostate-specific antigen, PSADT: PSA doubling time, PSAV: PSA velocity.
kju-50-649-g001
Table 1
Characteristics of the patients
kju-50-649-i001

PSA: prostate-specific antigen

Table 2
Univariate and multivariate Cox regression analysis of the relative risk of death according to HRPC
kju-50-649-i002

HRPC: hormone-refractory prostate cancer, PSA: prostate-specific antigen, CI: confidence interval

Table 3
Cumulative survival rate and mean survival time according to nadir PSA and PSA velocity
kju-50-649-i003

PSA: prostate-specific antigen, PSAV: PSA velocity, MST: mean survival time, SE: standard error

Notes

This work was supported for two years by Pusan National University Research Grant.

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