Caveolin-1 and Ki-67 Expression as Prognostic Factors in Clear Cell Carcinoma of the Kidney

Byung Hoon Kim; Chun Il Kim; Choal Hee Park

doi:10.4111/kju.2008.49.2.99

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Kim, Kim, and Park: Caveolin-1 and Ki-67 Expression as Prognostic Factors in Clear Cell Carcinoma of the Kidney

Original Article

Korean J Urol 2008;49(2):99-106.

Published online: 17 January 2008

DOI: https://doi.org/10.4111/kju.2008.49.2.99

Caveolin-1 and Ki-67 Expression as Prognostic Factors in Clear Cell Carcinoma of the Kidney

Byung Hoon Kim, Chun Il Kim¹, Choal Hee Park^1,

^¹Department of Urology, Dalseong-gun Public Health Center, Keimyung University School of Medicine, Daegu, Korea

교신저자: 박철희 계명대학교 동산의료원 비뇨기과 대구시 중구 동산동 194번지 700-712 TEL: 053-250-7642 FAX: 053-250-7643 E-mail: chp@dsmc.or.kr

Revised 30 October 2007 Accepted 14 January 2008

This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/) which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

Abstract

Purpose

Caveolin-1 is proposed to represent a novel tumor suppressor protein and expression of recombinant caveolin-1 is sufficient to restrict the growth potential of transformed cells isolated from primary tumors of the breast, lung, and ovaries. We examined the relationship of caveolin-1 and Ki-67 expression to clinicopathological variables in patients with clear cell carcinomas of the kidney.

Materials and Methods

We examined caveolin-1 and Ki-67 expression in 119 clear cell carcinomas of the kidney using immunohistochemistry, and analyzed its relationship with tumor size, nuclear grade, TNM stage, vascular invasion, capsular invasion, metastasis, and metachronous metastasis were investigated.

Results

Of the 119 tumors analyzed, lymph node and distant metastasis (synchronous metastasis: 7, metachronous metastasis: 15) occurred in 3 and 22 cases, respectively. Caveolin-1 expression correlated with the T stage (p=0.004), TNM stage (p=0.013), metastasis (p=0.013), and metachronous metastasis (p=0.001). Ki-67 expression correlated with the T stage (p=0.041), nuclear grade (p=0.011), and vascular invasion (p=0.043). Caveo-lin-1 and Ki-67 expression showed similar changes, but there was no statistical significance (p=0.050).

Conclusions

Caveolin-1 is expressed frequently in patients with metachronous metastasis, and may predict metastasis after surgery for clear cell carcinoma of the kidney.

Keywords: Clear cell renal carcinoma, Caveolin 1, Ki-67 antigen

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Fig. 1.

Immunohistochemical staining for caveolin-1 is based on the presence of cytoplasmic (A) and/or membranous (B) staining.

Fig. 2.

Immunohistochemical staining for Ki-67 is based on the presence of nuclear staining. Grade I: nuclear staining detected in less than 5% of tumor cells. Grade II: nuclear staining observed in more than 5% and less than 15% of tumor cells. Grade III: nuclear staining observed in more than 15% of tumor cells.