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Kim, Yang, Chung, Sung, Sung, and Lee: A Study of Frequency and Factors of Voiding Dysfunction Occurred after Epidural Anesthesia Using Bupivacaine
Original Article
Korean Journal of Urology

Korean Journal of Urology 2007; 48(8): 838-842.

Published online: 31 August 2007

DOI: https://doi.org/10.4111/kju.2007.48.8.838

A Study of Frequency and Factors of Voiding Dysfunction Occurred after Epidural Anesthesia Using Bupivacaine

Han Min Kim, Won Jae Yang3, Jae Yong Chung, Ki Heok Sung1, Yerl-Bo Sung1, Sangseok Lee2

Department of Urology, Inje University College of Medicine, Korea.

1Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Inje University College of Medicine, Korea.

2Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Inje University College of Medicine, Korea.

3Department of Urology, Soonchunhyang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.

Corresponding author (wonjya@hosp.sch.ac.kr)

Received 6 March 2007       Accepted 2 July 2007

Copyright © 2007 The Korean Urological Association

Abstract

Purpose

Epidural anesthesia (EPA) has been performed in various operations; however, it frequently induces postoperative voiding dysfunction. The frequency, duration and risk factors of voiding dysfunction occurring after EPA using long-acting anesthetics bupivacaine were evaluated.

Materials and Methods

100 patients, who underwent orthopedic surgery (under knee, operation time ≤3 hours) under EPA, between September, 2005 and September, 2006, were prospectively analyzed. Preoperatively, all patients urinated spontaneously, and had less than 100ml of postvoided residuals (PVR). Postoperatively, the patients voiding patterns were checked and urine catheterization was done, unless the patient was able to urinate spontaneously or had less than 100ml of PVR.

Results

Of the 100 patients, 32 (group 1, 32%) were able to urinate spontaneously and had less than 100ml of PVR during the immediate postoperative period. However, the other 68 (group 2, 68%) needed catheterization at least once. Between 2 groups, male, age over 50 years and an operation time over 2 hours were risk factors of postoperative catheterization from a univariate analysis; however, none of the patients required further catheterization until the 2nd postoperative day.

Conclusions

The voiding dysfunction occurring after EPA using bupivacaine was concluded to be temporary and a self resolving event.

Keywords: Epidural anesthesia, Urinary dysfunction, Residual volume

Figures and Tables

Table 1
No. of patients who were possible to void according to postoperative day
kju-48-838-i001

POD: postoperative day

Table 2
The risk factors of postoperative urinary catheterization
kju-48-838-i002

*: p<0.05, by chi-square test

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