We report here on a case of spontaneous rupture of the left common iliac vein that was diagnosed preoperatively with computed tomography (CT), and the patient was successfully treated with surgery and stent placement. A 60-year-old woman was referred to our emergency room because of sudden left lower abdominal pain and swelling of the left lower extremity. CT revealed a huge retroperitoneal hematoma and extrinsic compression of the left common iliac vein with acute thrombosis of the deep veins of the left lower extremity. Venous patch angioplasty was performed at the site of spontaneous rupture. After performing thrombectomy with using a Forgaty catheter, a stent was placed at the occluded segment of the left common iliac vein under C-arm fluoroscopic guidance. The follow-up CT scans taken at 10 days and 8 months after the initial examination demonstrated a venous stent with preserved luminal patency and the striking resolution of the deep vein thrombosis of the left lower extremity.