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Fig. 1.
Expression of costimulatory molecule (CD40, CD80, CD86, MHCII, PD-1, and PD-L1) was measured in splenic CD19＋ B cells following stimulation (24 h) with LPS, anti-IgM, agonist CD40 mAb, or anti-IgM plus CD40 mAb as described in Materials and Methods. (A) Numbers indicate the percentage of positive cells estimated from the histograms. (B) Mean and standard deviation of mean fluorescence intensity of PD-L1expression in CD19＋ B cells. Three independent experiments were performed. ∗p ＜0.01 vs. anti-IgM stimulation control and ∗∗p ＜0.05.
Fig. 2.
PD-L1 expression in CD19+ B cells stimulated with LPS, anti-IgM, CD40 mAb, or anti-IgM plus CD40 mAb for 3, 6, 9, 12, or 24 h. (A) Histograms represent staining of PD-L1; filled histograms indicate isotype control, dotted line histograms indicate untreated control, and black line histograms indicate each stimulation control. Numbers indicate mean fluorescence intensity (MFI). (B) Mean and standard deviation of PD-L1 MFI. Four independent experiments were performed.†p＜0.05,††p＜0.01 vs. anti-IgM stimulation control and ∗∗p＜0.01 vs. CD40 mAb stimulation control.
Fig. 3.
Increased expression of IL-17, IFN-γ and TNF-α on the CD3mAb stimulated CD4＋ T cells. (A) IL-17, IFN-γ, and TNF-α mRNA expression induced by CD3mAb in CD4＋ T cells. Cells were cultured in CD3mAb coated 24-well plates at a concentration of 5×105/well for 72 h. The expression of IL-17, IFN-γ, and TNF-α mRNA was evaluated by RT-PCR. Optical densities were normalized to the band for β-actin. (B) The concentrations of IL-17, IFN-γ and TNF-α in the culture supernatant were measured by sandwich ELISA analysis. The data represent the means from three independent. ∗p＜0.05, ∗∗p＜0.01 vs. nil.
Fig. 4.
Cytokines production in the supernatants from CD4＋ T cells stimulated with CD3 mAb cocultured with CD19＋ B cells that had been stimulated with LPS, anti-IgM, CD40 mAb and anti-IgM plus CD40 mAb. IL-17, IFN-γ and TNF-α expression were measured by ELISA. Three independent experiments were performed. ∗p＜0.01 vs. anti-IgM stimulation control and ∗∗p ＜0.01 vs. CD40 mAb stimulation control.
Fig. 5.
Cytokines production in the supernatants from CD4＋ T cells stimulated with CD3 mAb cocultured with CD19＋ B cells that had been stimulated with anti-IgM plus CD40 mAb and anti-IgM plus CD40 mAb plus PD-L1-blocking Ab. IL-17, IFN-γ and TNF-α expression were measured by ELISA. Three independent experiments were performed. ∗p＜0.05, vs. anti-IgM plus CD40 mAb stimulation control.
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