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Seo, Lee, and You: Factors Influencing Burnout among Mothers of Children with Cerebral Palsy
Original Article

Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing 2017; 47(2): 233-241.

Published online: 28 April 2017

DOI: https://doi.org/10.4040/jkan.2017.47.2.233

Factors Influencing Burnout among Mothers of Children with Cerebral Palsy

Ji-Young Seo1, Hae-Jin Lee2, Mi-Ae You3

1Department of Nursing, Gangdong College, Eumseong, Korea.

2Department of Nursing, Gyeongbuk College of Health, Kimcheon, Korea.

3College of Nursing · Institute of Nursing Science, Ajou University, Suwon, Korea.

Address reprint requests to: You, Mi-Ae. College of Nursing · Institute of Nursing Science, Ajou University, 164 Worldcup-ro, Yeongtong-gu, Suwon 16499, Korea. Tel: +82-31-219-7016, Fax: +82-31-219-7020, dew218@ajou.ac.kr

Received 19 September 2016       Revised 9 January 2017       Accepted 9 February 2017

© 2017 Korean Society of Nursing Science

(open-access):

This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution NoDerivs License. (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/4.0/) If the original work is properly cited and retained without any modification or reproduction, it can be used and re-distributed in any format and medium.

Abstract

Purpose

The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of parental stress, social support, and coping behavior on burnout among mothers caring for children with cerebral palsy.

Methods

Participants in this cross-sectional, descriptive study were 185 mothers who completed a self-report structured questionnaire. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, t-test, one-way ANOVA, correlation and multiple linear regression analyses with IBM SPSS Win 22 program.

Results

Parental stress and coping behavior were strong predictors of burnout among mothers of children with cerebral palsy. These variables explained 50.0% of the variance in burnout. Social support was not a predictor of burnout. A higher level of burnout was associated with higher levels of parental stress and lower levels of social support and coping behavior.

Conclusion

Mothers of children with cerebral palsy are vulnerable to burnout. These results show that effective strategies for reducing parental stress and improving positive coping behavior are needed to reduce burnout in these mothers.

Keywords: Cerebral palsy, Parenting, Psychological stress, Social support

Figures and Tables

Table 1

Differences in Level of Burnout according to General Characteristics of the Mothers (N=185)

jkan-47-233-i001
Characteristics Categories n (%) M ± SD t or F p
Age (yr) ≤30 39 (21.1) 41.41 ± 7.09 1.23 .300
31~35 62 (33.5) 39.66 ± 7.16
36~40 48 (25.9) 42.17 ± 7.94
≥41 36 (19.5) 40.03 ± 7.70
Mean age 35.65 ± 6.67
Education High school 86 (46.5) 40.93 ± 7.96 0.30 .763
College 99 (53.5) 40.60 ± 7.06
Material status Married/living with partner 181 (97.8) 40.69 ± 7.51 −0.74 .459
Divorced 4 (2.2) 43.50 ± 5.45
Occupation Yes 46 (24.9) 40.17 ± 8.63 −0.60 .547
No 139 (75.1) 40.94 ± 7.08
Economic status High 13 (7.0) 38.38 ± 9.11 0.73 .484
Middle 138 (74.6) 41.00 ± 6.64
Low 34 (18.4) 40.64 ± 9.79
Religion Yes 81 (43.8) 40.48 ± 8.04 0.43 .666
No 104 (56.2) 40.96 ± 7.04
Number of children 0001 61 (33.0) 40.25 ± 7.02 −0.64 .520
≥2 124 (67.0) 41.00 ± 7.70
Daily parenting time (hr) ≤10 54 (29.2) 41.22 ± 7.39 0.52 .667
11~15 22 (11.9) 41.18 ± 8.47
16~20 83 (44.9) 40.01 ± 7.61
≥21 26 (14.0) 41.77 ± 6.48
Mean parenting time 14.98 ± 6.03
Daily personal time (hr) ≤1 54 (29.2) 41.00 ± 7.27 0.45 .715
2~4 69 (37.3) 41.10 ± 7.75
5~7 42 (22.7) 40.71 ± 7.09
≥8 20 (10.8) 38.95 ± 8.14
Mean personal time 3.53 ± 2.97
Significant other Husband 136 (73.5) 40.55 ± 7.50 1.59 .208
Parents 25 (13.5) 39.56 ± 6.87
Others (sibling, friends) 24 (13.0) 43.13 ± 7.73
Table 2

Differences in Level of Burnout according to Characteristics of the Children (N=185)

jkan-47-233-i002
Characteristics Categories n (%) M ± SD/Median (range) t or F p
Gender Boy 95 (51.4) 40.33 ± 6.96 −0.79 .428
Girl 90 (48.6) 41.20 ± 8.00
Age (yr) ≤3 73 (39.5) 40.47 ± 6.88 0.26 .772
4~7 71 (38.4) 41.25 ± 7.80
≥8 41 (22.1) 40.39 ± 8.05
Median (range) 4.00 (1~13)
Birth order 1st 102 (55.1) 40.85 ± 6.90 0.04 .965
2nd 61 (33.0) 40.54 ± 8.10
3rd 22 (11.9) 40.86 ± 8.54
Time to diagnosis of disability (months) ≤3 78 (42.2) 39.51 ± 7.02 2.01 .130
4~12 62 (33.5) 41.27 ± 7.52
≥13 45 (24.3) 42.18 ± 8.01
Median (range) 5.00 (1~48)
Extremities involved in disability One side lower or upper 50 (27.0) 41.82 ± 7.16 2.19 .091
Diplegia 34 (18.4) 40.50 ± 7.38
Paraplegia 38 (20.5) 38.16 ± 6.89
Quadriplegia 63 (34.1) 41.60 ± 7.89
Dependency in daily life Completely dependent 92 (49.7) 40.76 ± 7.33 1.30 .275
Partially dependent 84 (45.4) 40.33 ± 7.62
Independent 9 (4.9) 44.56 ± 7.37
Rehabilitation treatment period (yr) ≤2 65 (35.2) 40.71 ± 7.29 <0.01 .998
2~4 60 (32.4) 40.77 ± 7.57
≥4 60 (32.4) 40.78 ± 7.70
Median (range) 3.00 (1~12)
Monthly medical cost (thousand won) ≤250 56 (30.3) 41.16 ± 7.68 0.29 .751
260~500 69 (37.3) 40.22 ± 8.14
≥510 60 (32.4) 40.98 ± 6.51
Median (range) 400.00 (20~1,500)
Satisfaction with treatment service Satisfied 97 (52.4) 40.12 ± 7.46 −1.20 .232
Average 88 (47.6) 41.44 ± 7.48
Type of used for treatment* Hospital 166 (89.7)
Private center 93 (50.3)
Social welfare center 79 (42.7)
Others 4 (2.2)

*Multiple responses.

Table 3

Scores for Parenting Stress, Social Support, Coping and Burnout (N=185)

jkan-47-233-i003
Variables M ± SD Min~Max
Parenting stress 67.22 ± 29.44 1~99
Social support 89.18 ± 15.10 25~125
Coping 72.04 ± 6.89 49~93
Burnout 40.75 ± 7.48 24~62
Table 4

Correlations for Parenting Stress, Social Support, Coping and Burnout in Mothers of Children with Cerebral Palsy (N=185)

jkan-47-233-i004
Parenting stress Social support Coping
r (p) r (p) r (p)
Parenting stress 1
Social support −.45 (<.001) 1
Coping −.45 (<.001) .65 (<.001) 1
Burnout .63 (<.001) −.50 (<.001) −.56 (<.001)
Table 5

Factors Influencing Burnout among Mothers of Children with Cerebral Palsy

jkan-47-233-i005
Predictors B β t p R2 F p
Constant 52.38 9.03 <.001 .50 60.46 <.001
Parenting stress .16 .44 6.98 <.001
Coping −.34 −.31 −4.99 <.001
Social support −.04 −.10 −1.47 .144

Notes

This study was supported by the research fund through the Department of Nursing, Graduate School, Ajou University.

CONFLICTS OF INTEREST The authors declared no conflict of interest.

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