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Hyun and Lee: Nutritional Status and Risk Factors for Malnutrition in Low-income Urban Elders
Original Article

Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing 2014; 44(6): 708-716.

Published online: 31 December 2014

DOI: https://doi.org/10.4040/jkan.2014.44.6.708

Nutritional Status and Risk Factors for Malnutrition in Low-income Urban Elders

Hye Sun Hyun1, Insook Lee2

1Department of Nursing, Sangmyung University, Cheonan, Korea.

2College of Nursing, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea.

Address reprint requests to: Lee, Insook. College of Nursing, Seoul National University, 103 Daehak-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul 110-799, Korea. Tel: +82-2-740-8828, Fax: +82-2-765-4103, lisook@snu.ac.kr

Received 29 June 2014       Revised 8 July 2014       Accepted 5 November 2014

© 2014 Korean Society of Nursing Science

(open-access):

This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution NoDerivs License. (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/4.0/) If the original work is properly cited and retained without any modification or reproduction, it can be used and re-distributed in any format and medium.

Abstract

Purpose

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the nutritional status of low-income urban elders by diversified ways, and to analyze the risk factors for malnutrition.

Methods

The participants in this study were 183 low-income elders registered at a visiting healthcare facility in a public health center. Data were collected using anthropometric measurements, and a questionnaire survey. For data analysis, descriptive statistics, χ2-test, t-test, Fisher's exact test, multiple logistic regression analysis were performed using SPSS 20.0.

Results

Regarding the nutritional status of low-income elders as measured by the Mini Nutritional Assessment (MNA), 10.4% of the elders were classified as malnourished; 57.4% as at high risk for malnutrition; and 32.2% as having normal nutrition levels. The main factors affecting malnutrition for low-income elders were loss of appetite (OR=3.34, 95% CI: 1.16~9.56) and difficulties in meal preparation (OR=2.35, 95% CI: 1.13~4.88).

Conclusion

In order to effectively improve nutrition in low-income urban elders, it is necessary to develop individual intervention strategies to manage factors that increase the risk of malnutrition and to use systematic approach strategies in local communities in terms of a nutrition support system.

Keywords: Low-income population, Elderly, Nutritional status, Malnutrition

Figures and Tables

Figure 1
Conceptual framework of this study.
jkan-44-708-g001
Table 1
Demographic Characteristics of Participants (N=183)
jkan-44-708-i001

ADL=Activities of daily living; IADL=Instrumental activities of daily living; GDS=Geriatric depression scale.

Table 2
Nutritional Status of the Participants by MNA (N=183)
jkan-44-708-i002

MNA=Mini nutritional assessment.

Table 3
Differences of Nutritional Status according to Demographic, Health and Diet-related Characteristics of the Participants (N=183)
jkan-44-708-i003

ADL=Activities of daily living; IADL=Instrumental activities of daily living; GDS=Geriatric depression scale; *Data obtained from Fisher's exact test.

Table 4
Factors affecting Nutritional Status using Multiple Logistic Regression Analysis (N=183)
jkan-44-708-i004

IADL=Instrumental activities of daily living; GDS=Geriatric depression scale; χ2=8.76, p=.363 by Hosmer and Lemeshow Goodness-of-Fit test.

Notes

This manuscript is a condensed form of the first author's doctoral dissertation from Seoul National University.

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