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Kim, Kim, Eom, Kim, and Lee: Validity and Reliability of the Korean Version of the Pain Assessment Checklist for Seniors with Limited Ability to Communicate
Original Article

Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing 2014; 44(4): 398-406.

Published online: 29 August 2014

DOI: https://doi.org/10.4040/jkan.2014.44.4.398

Validity and Reliability of the Korean Version of the Pain Assessment Checklist for Seniors with Limited Ability to Communicate

Eun-Kyung Kim1, Se Young Kim2, Mi Ran Eom3, Hyun Sook Kim4, Eunpyo Lee5

1Department of Nursing, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Korea.

2Department of Nursing, Changwon National University, Changwon, Korea.

3Department of Nursing, Mokpo National University, Muan, Korea.

4Department of Nursing, Eulji University, Daejeon, Korea.

5Department of Medicine, Eulji University, Daejeon, Korea.

Address reprint requests to: Lee, Eunpyo. Department of Medicine, Eulji University, 771-77 Gyeryong-ro, Jung-gu, Daejeon 301-832, Korea. Tel: +82-42-259-1613, Fax: +82-42-259-1539, elee@eulji.ac.kr

Received 2 May 2014       Revised 17 May 2014       Accepted 2 July 2014

© 2014 Korean Society of Nursing Science

(open-access):

This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution NoDerivs License. (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/4.0/) If the original work is properly cited and retained without any modification or reproduction, it can be used and re-distributed in any format and medium.

Abstract

Purpose

This study was done to develop and test the validity and reliability of the Korean version of the Pain Assessment Checklist for Seniors with Limited Ability to Communicate (PACSLAC-K) in assessing pain of elders with dementia living in long-term care facilities.

Methods

The PACSLAC-K was developed through forward-backward translation techniques. Survey data were collected from 307 elders with dementia living in 5 long-term care facilities in Korea. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, Pearson correlation, Spearman's rho, paired t-test, ROC (receiver operation characteristic) curve with the SPSS/WIN (20.0) program.

Results

The PACSLAC-K showed high internal consistency (.90), inter-rater reliability (.86), intra-rater reliability (.93), and high concurrent validity (.74) in paired t-test with PAINAD. Discriminant validity also showed a significant difference compared with no pain. The PACSLAC-K showed a sensitivity of .93, specificity of .88, and Area Under the Curve of .95 in the ROC curve.

Conclusion

The findings of this study demonstrate that PACSLAC-K is useful in assessing pain for elders with dementia living in long-term care facilities.

Keywords: Pain, Dementia, Elders, Validity, Reliability

Figures and Tables

Figure 1
ROC curve of PACSLAC for pain assessment of elderly with dementia living in long-term care facilities.
jkan-44-398-g001
Table 1
General and Pain-related Characteristics of Participants (N=307)
jkan-44-398-i001

MMSE-K=Mini-Mental State Examination Korean version; ADL=Activities of Daily Living; PACSLAC=Pain Assessment Checklist for Seniors with Limited Ability to Communicate.

Table 2
Inter-rater Reliability and Test-retest Reliability of PACSLAC (N=30)
jkan-44-398-i002

PACSLAC=Pain Assessment Checklist for Seniors with Limited Ability to Communicate.

Table 3
Concurrent Validity of PACSLAC Tool for Pain (N=307)
jkan-44-398-i003

PACSLAC=Pain Assessment Checklist for Seniors with Limited Ability to Communicate; PAINAD=Pain Assessment in Advanced Dementia Scale.

Table 4
Discriminant Validity: Comparison of PACSLAC Scores Measured at Rest and in Pain (N=307)
jkan-44-398-i004

PACSLAC=Pain Assessment Checklist for Seniors with Limited Ability to Communicate.

Notes

This study was supported by the Chungbuk National University Research Support fund in 2012.

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