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Yoon, Kim, and Kim: Development and Validation of the Korean Patient Safety Culture Scale for Nursing Homes
Original Article

Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing 2013; 43(3): 379-388.

Published online: 28 June 2013

DOI: https://doi.org/10.4040/jkan.2013.43.3.379

Development and Validation of the Korean Patient Safety Culture Scale for Nursing Homes

Sook Hee Yoon1, Byungsoo Kim2, Se Young Kim3

1Department of Nursing, Institute of Health Science, Inje University, Busan, Korea.

2Department of Data Science, Institute of Statistical Information, Inje University, Gimhae, Korea.

3Department of Nursing, Mokpo National University, Muan-gun, Korea.

Address reprint requests to: Kim, Se Young. Department of Nursing, Mokpo National University, 1666 Yeongsan-ro, Cheonggye-myeon, Muan-gun 534-729, Korea. Tel: +82-42-259-1718, Fax: +82-42-259-1709, sarakimk@eulji.ac.kr

Received 11 November 2012       Accepted 11 April 2013

© 2013 Korean Society of Nursing Science

Abstract

Purpose

The purpose of this study was to develop a tool to evaluate patient safety culture in nursing homes and to test its validity and reliability.

Methods

A preliminary tool was developed through interviews with focus group, content validity tests, and a pilot study. A nationwide survey was conducted from February to April, 2011, using self-report questionnaires. Participants were 982 employees in nursing homes. Data were analyzed using Cronbach's alpha, item analysis, factor analysis, and multitrait/multi-Item analysis.

Results

From the results of the analysis, 27 final items were selected from 49 items on the preliminary tool. Items with low correlation with total scale were excluded. The 4 factors sorted by factor analysis contributed 63.4% of the variance in the total scale. The factors were labeled as leadership, organizational system, working attitude, management practice. Cronbach's alpha for internal consistency was .95 and the range for the 4 factors was from .86 to .93.

Conclusion

The results of this study indicate that the Korean Patient Safety Culture Scale has reliability and validity and is suitable for evaluation of patient safety culture in Korean nursing homes.

Keywords: Patient safety, Culture, Nursing homes, Leadership

Figures and Tables

Table 1
General Characteristics (N=982)
jkan-43-379-i001
Table 2
Factor Analysis and Reliability (N=982)
jkan-43-379-i002

LM=Leadership of manager; WA=Work attitude; OS=Organizational system; MP=Managerial practice.

Table 3
Multitrait/Multi-item Matrix (Correlation Matrix Corrected for Overlap) for Item Convergent and Item Discriminant
jkan-43-379-i003

LM=Leadership of manager; WA=Work attitude; OS=Organizational system; MP=Managerial practice.

Table 4
Correlation between Patient Safety Culture, Sub-scales, Degree of Patient Safety, and Error Experience (N=982)
jkan-43-379-i004

**p<.01; ( )=Cronbach's α of each subscale.

Table 5
Comparison of Sub-scales among Patient Safety Culture Tools
jkan-43-379-i005

*,†,‡: included twice.

Notes

This manuscript was supported by National Research Foundation of Korea(NRF 2010-0005272).

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