Development and Validation of the Hospice Palliative Care Performance Scale

So-Hi Kwon

doi:10.4040/jkan.2011.41.3.374

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Kwon: Development and Validation of the Hospice Palliative Care Performance Scale

Original Article

Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing

Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing 2011; 41(3): 374-381.

Published online: 13 June 2011

DOI: https://doi.org/10.4040/jkan.2011.41.3.374

Development and Validation of the Hospice Palliative Care Performance Scale

So-Hi Kwon

Full-time Lecturer, College of Nursing, Kyungpook National University·Kyungpook National University The Research Institute of Nursing Science, Daegu, Korea.

Address reprint requests to: Kwon, So-Hi. College of Nursing, Kyungpook National University, 101 Dongin-dong 2-ga, Jung-gu, Deagu 700-422, Korea. Tel: +82-53-420-4924, Fax: +82-53-421-2758, sh235@knu.ac.kr

Received 28 October 2010 Accepted 7 June 2011

Abstract

Purpose

The purpose of this study was to develop and validate a hospice·palliative care performance measure which would cover more than just physical symptoms or quality of life.

Methods

Through an intensive literature review, the author chose questions that measured aspects of physical, emotional, spiritual, social, or practical domains pertinent to hospice·palliative care for inclusion in the scale. Content validation of the questions was established by 15 hospice·palliative care professionals. A preliminary Hospice Palliative Care Performance Scale (HPCPS) of 20 questions was administered to 134 pairs of terminal cancer patients from 5 hospice palliative care units and their main family caregiver. A validation study was conducted to evaluate construct validity and internal consistency.

Results

Factor analysis showed 14 significant questions in five subscales; Physical, Emotional, Spiritual, Social, and Patient' rights. There were no significant differences between the ratings by patients and family members except for three out of the 14 questions. The measure demonstrated construct validity, and Cronbach's α of the subscales ranged from .73 to .79.

Conclusion

The HPCOS demonstrated acceptable validity and reliability. It can be used to assess effectiveness of hospice·palliative care for terminal cancer patients in practice and research.

Keywords: Care, Hospice, Palliative, Outcome assessment, Validation study

Figures and Tables

Figure 1

Conceptual framework.

Table 1

Content Analysis Behavioral Event Interview

ECOG PS=Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group Performance Scale.

Table 2

Factor Analysis of Patients' Responses to HPCPS^* Items (N=120)

^*Hospice Palliative Care Performance Scale. Extraction method was principal component analysis with varimax rotation. We employed a decision rule of retaining factors whose eigen value were >1.0. Bold type indicates loadings >0.60.

Table 3

Inter-subscale Correlations and Reliability Coefficients of each Subscale of HPCPS^*

^*Spearman's correlation analysis; ^†p<.001; ^‡p<.05; ( )=Cronbach's α of each subscale.

HPCPS=Hospice Palliative Care Performance Scale.

Table 4

Descriptive Statistics of each Scale/Item of the HPCPS, and their Cronbach's α values. (N=120, Patients)

HPCPS=Hospice Palliative Care Performance Scale.

Table 5

Summary of Comparison and Correlation of HPCPS^* between Patients and Caregivers in Paired Group

^*Wilcoxon signed ranks test; ^†Spearman's correlation coefficients.

HPCPS=Hospice Palliative Care Performance Scale.

Notes

This research was supported by Kyungpook National University Research Fund, 2009.

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