Journal List > J Korean Acad Nurs > v.39(6) > 1002592

TOOLS
Song and Shin: Effects of Koryo Hand Therapy on Menopausal Symptoms and FSH, LH, and Estradiol in Climacteric Women
Original Article
Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing

Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing 2009; 39(6): 868-877.

Published online: 31 December 2009

DOI: https://doi.org/10.4040/jkan.2009.39.6.868

Effects of Koryo Hand Therapy on Menopausal Symptoms and FSH, LH, and Estradiol in Climacteric Women

Young A Song1, Hye Sook Shin2

1Full-time Lecturer, Department of Nursing, College of Cheju Halla, Jeju, Korea.

2Professor, College of Nursing Science · East-West Nursing Research Institute, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Korea.

Address reprint requests to: Shin, Hye Sook. College of Nursing Science, East-West Nursing Research Institute, Kyung Hee University, 1 Hoegi-dong, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul 130-701, Korea. Tel: 82-2-961-9143, Fax: 82-2-961-9398, suksh@khu.ac.kr

Received 7 August 2009       Accepted 25 November 2009

Copyright © 2009 Korean Society of Nursing Science

Abstract

Purpose

The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of Koryo Hand Therapy (KHT) on menopausal symptoms and hormone levels (Follicle Stimulating Hormone [FSH], Luteinizing Hormone [LH], and estradiol [E2]) in climacteric women.

Methods

The research design was a nonequivalent control group pretest-posttest design. Data were collected from November 28, 2005 to February 28, 2006. The 45 participants were assigned to either the experimental group (23) or control group (22). KHT was applied three times a week, for a total of 8 weeks to the women in the experimental group.

Results

There was a statistically significant decrease in menopausal symptoms (F=42.49, p=.000), FSH level (F=26.98, p=.000) and LH level (F=5.31, p=.026) between the experimental and control groups. There was an increase of the estradiol level in the experimental group but the difference between the two groups was not statistically significant.

Conclusion

KHT can be applied as a supportive nursing intervention to climacteric women. KHT is expected to be a complementary alternative intervention for health management of the climacteric women.

Keywords: Climacteric, Complementary therapies, Hormone

Figures and Tables

Figure 1
Theoretical framework.
jkan-39-868-g001
Table 1
Homogeneity Test for General Characteristics between the Experimental and Control Groups (N=45)
jkan-39-868-i001

*Fisher's exact test; †Mann-Whitney U-test.

Exp=experimental group; Cont=control group; BMI=body mass index.

Table 2
Homogeneity Test for Dependent Variables between the Experimental and Control Groups (N=45)
jkan-39-868-i002

*Mann-Whitney U-test.

FSH=follicle stimulating hormone; LH=luteinizing hormone; E2=Estradiol; Exp=experimental group; Cont=control group.

Table 3
Difference in Pre-Post Menopausal Symptom between Groups (N=45)
jkan-39-868-i003

*Values from paired t-test; †measured by ANCOVA with the menopausal status and pre-menopausal symptom value as covariates.

Exp=experimental group; Cont=control group.

Table 4
Difference in Pre-Post FSH, LH, E2 between Groups (N=45)
jkan-39-868-i004

*Measured by ANCOVA with the menopausal status and pre-test value as covariate; †values from paired t-test; ‡values from Wilcoxon signed rank test.

FSH=follicle stimulating hormone; LH=luteinizing hormone; E2=Estradiol; Exp=experimental group; Cont=control group.

Notes

This article is a condensed form of the first author's doctoral thesis from Kyung Hee University.

References

1. Baik KJ. A study on the effect of Koryo Sooji Chim on the climacteric disorder of women in the middle age. 2002. Seoul: Chung-Ang University;Unpublished master's thesis.
2. Cho SY. Obstetrical endocrinology. 1999. Seoul: Soomoonsa.
3. Chun WJ. A study on the effects of hand acupuncture therapy on the insomnia, quality of sleep and depression of middle-aged women. 2005. Seoul: Ewha Womans University;Unpublished master's thesis.
4. Hong YR. The effects of hand acupuncture therapy on dysmenorrhea. Journal of Korean Academy of Child Health Nursing. 2005. 11:109–116.
5. Ii-Yang Pharm Scientific Team. MENSI score. 1999. Seoul: Ii-Yang Pharm.
6. Kang YG, Kim HB, Park HM, Hur M. The effects of hormone replacement therapy on FSH and estradiol in menopausal women. Paper presented at The 72th Autumn Conference of Korean Society of Obstetrics and Gynecology. 1993. 10. Seoul, Korea:
7. Kim BC, Kim DH, Hur M. A study of symptomatology, lipid changes and hormonal changes in the menopausal women. Korean Society of Obstetrics and Gynecology. 1988. 31:784–794.
8. Kim HJ, Jung HY, Cho KJ. The effects of prolonged palm acupuncture and heating stress on blood lipid profiles. Korean Journal of School Physical Education. 2001. 11(2):25–33.
9. Kim HS, Park KH, Park CK. A study of steroidogenesis of the perimenopausal and postmenopausal ovary. Korean Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology. 1987. 30:1214–1220.
10. Kim JH. The effect of Yoga on menopausal symptoms and quality of life of middle aged women. 2005. Gwangju: Chonnam National University;Unpublished master's thesis.
11. Kim KW. Development of Dan Jeon Breathing model for health promotion in middle-aged women. 2004. Seoul: Ewha Womans University;Unpublished doctoral dissertation.
12. Kim MK. The effect of aroma inhalation on middle aged women's depression, stress and menopausal symptom. 2003. Gwangju: Chonnam National University;Unpublished master's thesis.
13. Kim NS, Shin KR. Attitudes and knowledge of Koryo Hand Therapy (KHT) in the experienced women. Women's Health. 2005. 6:1–31.
14. Lee DH, Lee HS, Kim MH, Yoon ME, Sung CJ. Effects of isoflavones supplementation on bone mineral density and sex hormones in postmenopausal women. The Korean Journal of Nutrition Society. 2002. 35:863–869.
15. Lee HK. A study on the effects of aromatherapy on the climacteric disorder. 2005. Suwon: Kyounggi University;Unpublished master's thesis.
16. Lee HM. The effect of GI exercise and soybean milk supplement on fitness, bone density, blood lipid, gonadotropins in the middle-aged Korean women. 2005. Busan: Pusan National University;Unpublished doctoral dissertation.
17. Lee YJ, Park KM. Recognition of efficiency and effectiveness of the experiences with hand acupuncture. Journal of Korean Academy of Community Health Nursing. 2001. 12:278–287.
18. Lim NY, Yi YJ. The effects of Koryo hand acupuncture on the patients with chronic low back pain. Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing. 2003. 33:79–86.
19. Park HS. Effects of soybean foods intake on menopausal symptoms, serum hormones, serum lipids, and bone metabolism in middle-aged women. 2003. Seoul: Ewha Womans University;Unpublished doctoral dissertation.
20. Rhee IS. Effects of self-foot reflexo-massage on the climacteric women. 2005. Seoul: Chung-Ang University;Unpublished doctoral dissertation.
21. Ricci SS. Essentials of maternity, newborn, and women's health nursing. 2009. Philadelphia, PA: Lippincott Willians & Wilkins.
22. Shin HS, Song YA. Effects of koryo hand therapy on menopausal symptoms and blood lipid levels in middle-aged women. Korean Journal of Women Health Nursing. 2006. 12:291–300.
23. Shin KR, Kwak SA, Lee JB, Yi HR. The effectiveness of hand acupuncture and moxibustion in decreasing pain and coldness in Korea women who have had hysterectomy: A pilot study. Applied Nursing Research. 2006. 19:22–30.
24. Son YH. Influence of cardio-respiratory function, anti-oxidant capacity and anticoagulant inhibition to twelve dance sport training of climacterium women. 2005. Yongin: Yong-in University;Unpublished doctoral dissertation.
25. Speroff L, Glass RH, Kase NG. In clinical gynecological endocrinology and infertility. 1973. Baltimore, MD: Williams and Wilkins.
26. Wijma K, Melin A, Nedstrand E, Hammar M. Treatment of menopausal symptoms with applied relaxation: A pilot study. Journal of Behavioral Therapy and Experimental Psychiatry. 1997. 28:251–261.
27. Women's Health Initiative. Effects of estrogen plus progestin on health-related quality of life. The New England Journal of Medicine. 2003. 348:1839–1854.
28. Won HJ, Lee BS, Lee SK, Choi Y, Yoon S, Park KH, et al. The effects of isoflavone on postmenopausal symptoms and hormonal changes in postmenopausal women. The Journal of the Korean Society of Menopause. 2001. 7:54–63.
29. Yang EY. Comparative studies on attitudes to the climacteric symptoms of women who have received hormone replacement therapy and women who have not. 1996. Seoul: Ewha Womans University;Unpublished master's thesis.
30. Yoo TW. Lesson: Korea hand acupuncture therapy. 1976. Seoul: Eum & Yang Maek Jin.
TOOLS
Similar articles