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Kim: Development of the Pregnancy Nutrition Knowledge Scale and Its Relationship with Eating Habits in Pregnant Women visiting Community Health Center
Original Article
Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing

Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing 2009; 39(1): 33-43.

Published online: 28 February 2009

DOI: https://doi.org/10.4040/jkan.2009.39.1.33

Development of the Pregnancy Nutrition Knowledge Scale and Its Relationship with Eating Habits in Pregnant Women visiting Community Health Center

Hae Won Kim

Professor, Department of Nursing, Kwandong University, Gangneung, Korea.

Address reprint requests to: Kim, Hae Won. Department of Nursing, College of Medicine, Kwandong University, 522 Naegok-dong, Gangneung 210-701, Korea. Tel: 82-33-649-7613, Fax: 82-33-649-7620, hwkim@kd.ac.kr

Received 29 August 2008       Accepted 13 January 2009

Copyright © 2009 Korean Society of Nursing Science

Abstract

Purpose

This study was done to develop a pregnancy nutrition knowledge scale and to examine the relationships between pregnancy nutrition knowledge and eating habits in pregnant women.

Methods

With convenient sampling, 189 pregnant women who used community health centers for their ante-natal care were recruited. Data were collected using a self administered questionnaire including items on pregnancy nutrition knowledge (18 items) developed by researcher and items on eating habits (14 items). Cronbach's alpha and exploratory factor analysis were examined to test reliability and construct validity of the scale. Pearson's correlation coefficients were used to identify the relationship between pregnancy nutrition knowledge and eating habits.

Results

Cronbach's alpha of 18 items was .80. In factor analysis using principal components, 6 factors explained 65% of the total variance. The level of pregnancy nutrition knowledge was not sufficient but correlations between pregnancy nutrition knowledge and some of eating habits were significant. Specifically, pregnancy nutrition knowledge was positively correlated with good eating habits and negatively with bad eating habits.

Conclusion

The pregnancy nutrition knowledge scale developed in this study is acceptable for nutrition education led by nurses. Pregnancy nutrition knowledge and eating habits are considered as major variables for ante-natal nutrition education. In future studies, explorations are needed on dietary intake and physiological indices in pregnant women, comparison of women at risk with those not at risk, and development of nutritional education programs for pregnant women.

Keywords: Pregnant women, Health knowledge, Food habits

Figures and Tables

Table 1
Demographic, Obstetrical & Health behavior Characteristics
jkan-39-33-i001
Table 2
Results of Factor Analysis for Nutrition Knowledge related to Pregnancy
jkan-39-33-i002

RDA=Recommendation of Daily Allowance.

Table 3
Nutrition Knowledge related to Pregnancy
jkan-39-33-i003

RDA=Recommendation of Daily Allowance.

Table 4
Eating Habits of Pregnant Women
jkan-39-33-i004

*reverse items for calculation of the total score.

Table 5
Correlations between Eating Habits and Pregnancy Nutrition Knowledge
jkan-39-33-i005

*p<.05; **p<.01.

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