Journal List > Korean Diabetes J > v.33(5) > 1002317

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Nam-Goong, Kim, Kim, Hur, Lee, Kim, Yun, Lee, and Kim: The Role of Hypothalamic FoxO1 on Hyperphagia in Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetic Mice
Original Article
Korean Diabetes Journal

Korean Diabetes Journal 2009; 33(5): 375-381.

Published online: 31 October 2009

DOI: https://doi.org/10.4093/kdj.2009.33.5.375

The Role of Hypothalamic FoxO1 on Hyperphagia in Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetic Mice

Il Seong Nam-Goong1, Jae Geun Kim2, Se Jin Kim1, Seong Jae Hur1, Jin Woo Lee1, Eun Sook Kim1, Chang Ho Yun3, Byung Ju Lee3, Young Il Kim1

1Department of Internal Medicine, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Ulsan University Hospital, Ulsan, Korea.

2Biomedical Research Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Ulsan, Korea.

3Department of Biological Sciences, University of Ulsan, Ulsan, Korea.

Corresponding author (yikuls@uuh.ulsan.kr)

Received 4 May 2009       Accepted 5 October 2009

Copyright © 2009 Korean Diabetes Association

Abstract

Background

Streptozotocin-induced diabetic animals are characterized by hyperphagia due to deficiencies of insulin and leptin. Forkhead box-containing protein of the O subfamily-1 (FoxO1) regulates energy homeostasis by regulating energy expenditure and food intake as well as mediating insulin and leptin signals in the hypothalamus. To identify the mediator of diabetic hyperphagia, we examined the effects of insulin or leptin on hypothalamic FoxO1 expression in a diabetic animal model.

Methods

Diabetes was induced in mice (C57BL/6) by intraperitoneal administration of streptozotocin (200 mg/kg). Stainless steel cannula was implanted into the lateral ventricle of the brain in each mouse. After three weeks, the mice were administered saline, insulin or leptin via intracerebroventricular (ICV) route. The medial hypothalamus was isolated to evaluate the mRNA expressions of FoxO1 and neuropeptides.

Results

Streptozotocin-induced diabetic mice exhibited significant elevations of blood glucose and food intake and significantly low levels of serum insulin and leptin. The levels of hypothalamic FoxO1 mRNA were significantly increased in diabetic mice. The hypothalamic expression of neuropeptide Y (NPY) mRNA was increased, but the expression of preproopiomelanocortin (POMC) mRNA was decreased in diabetic mice. ICV administration of insulin or leptin attenuated the upregulation of hypothalamic FoxO1 mRNA, and resulted in downregulation of NPY mRNA and upregulation of POMC mRNA in diabetic mice.

Conclusion

We observed that the expression of hypothalamic FoxO1 mRNA was increased in streptozotocin-induced diabetic mice, and that it was significantly attenuated by central administration of insulin or leptin. These results suggest that hypothalamic FoxO1 is the direct mediator of diabetic hyperphagia.

Keywords: Diabetes Mellitus, Forkhead Transcription Factors, Hyperphagia, Hypothalamus, Insulin, Leptin

Figures and Tables

Fig. 1
Results of hypothalamic gene expression in streptozotocin induced diabetic mice. Levels of FoxO1, NPY and POMC gene expression in the hypothalamus of diabetic mice as determined by real time PCR. A, B, C. Expression levels of FoxO1, NPY and POMC mRNA were examined by real time PCR. Results are presented as means ± S.D. n = 5 per group. *P < 0.05, †P < 0.01 and ‡P < 0.001 vs. control mice.
kdj-33-375-g001
Fig. 2
Effect of food deprivation on the mRNA level of hypothalamic FoxO1 and serum level of insulin and leptin. A, B, C. Expression levels of hypothalamic FoxO1, NPY and POMC mRNA in the animals of food deprivation for two days and in the animals of normally fed. D, E. Serum levels of insulin and leptin. Data are shown as means ± S.D. n = 5 per group; *P < 0.05, †P < 0.01 vs. control mice.
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Fig. 3
Effect of i.c.v. administration of saline, insulin or leptin on hypothalamic FoxO1 expression in the streptozotocin induced diabetic mice. A, B, C. Expression levels of hypothalamic FoxO1, NPY, POMC mRNA in diabetic mice after i.c.v. administration of saline, insulin or leptin. Data are shown as the means ± S.D. n = 5 per group. *P < 0.05 and †P < 0.01 vs. control mice. ‡P < 0.05 and §P < 0.01 vs. diabetic mice.
kdj-33-375-g003
Table 1
Changes of body weight and plasma metabolic parameters
kdj-33-375-i001

Data are means ± S.D. *Change of body weight during the experiment (for 10 days).

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