The Relationship between Serum Retinol-Binding Protein 4 Levels and Coronary Artery Disease in Korean Adults

Ji-Hoon Kim; Eun-Jung Rhee; Eun-Suk Choi; Jong-Chul Won; Cheol-Young Park; Won-Young Lee; Ki-Won Oh; Byung-Jin Kim; Ki-Chul Sung; Bum-Soo Kim; Jin-Ho Kang; Sung-Woo Park; Sun-Woo Kim; Man-Ho Lee; Jung-Roe Park

doi:10.4093/kdj.2009.33.2.105

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Kim, Rhee, Choi, Won, Park, Lee, Oh, Kim, Sung, Kim, Kang, Park, Kim, Lee, and Park: The Relationship between Serum Retinol-Binding Protein 4 Levels and Coronary Artery Disease in Korean Adults

Original Article

Korean Diabetes Journal

Korean Diabetes Journal 2009; 33(2): 105-112.

Published online: 30 April 2009

DOI: https://doi.org/10.4093/kdj.2009.33.2.105

The Relationship between Serum Retinol-Binding Protein 4 Levels and Coronary Artery Disease in Korean Adults

Ji-Hoon Kim¹, Eun-Jung Rhee¹, Eun-Suk Choi¹, Jong-Chul Won¹, Cheol-Young Park¹, Won-Young Lee¹, Ki-Won Oh¹, Byung-Jin Kim², Ki-Chul Sung², Bum-Soo Kim², Jin-Ho Kang², Sung-Woo Park¹, Sun-Woo Kim¹, Man-Ho Lee², Jung-Roe Park²

¹Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.

²Department of Cardiology, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.

hongsiri@hanmail.net

Received 16 February 2009 Accepted 13 April 2009

Abstract

Background

A recently discovered adipokine, retinol-binding protein-4 (RBP-4), is reportedly associated with insulin resistance and metabolic syndrome. This study was performed to analyze the relationship between serum RBP-4 levels and coronary artery disease (CAD) in Korean adults.

Methods

In 235 subjects (mean age 58 years) in whom coronary artery angiograms were performed due to complaints of chest pain, serum RBP-4 levels were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Coronary artery angiograms were performed in all subjects and the severity of CAD was assessed by the number of stenotic vessels. The presence of metabolic syndrome was defined by AHA/NHLBI criteria with body mass index substituted for waist circumference.

Results

Coronary angiogram showed that 101 subjects (43%) had normal coronary vessel, 82 subjects (34.9%) had 1-vessel disease, 31 subjects (13.2%) had 2-vessel disease and 21 subjects (8.9%) had 3-vessel disease. Subjects with coronary artery stenosis showed a higher mean age (60.5 ± 10.0 years), fasting glucose (123.3 mg ± 45.0 mg/dL) and lower mean value for high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) level (49.0 ± 13.2 mg/dL), although serum RBP-4 levels were not significantly different between those with and without CAD. Mean age and fasting glucose level increased significantly as the number of stenotic vessels increased, although serum RBP4 level showed no significant differences among the different groups. Among the metabolic parameters, only serum triglyceride levels showed a significant correlation with serum RBP-4 levels.

Conclusion

There was no difference in mean serum RBP-4 levels between subjects with or without coronary artery disease in Korean adults. Further studies are warranted to draw a clear conclusion on the effect of RBP-4 on atherosclerosis.

Keywords: Atherosclerosis, Coronary artery disease, Retinol-binding protein-4

Figures and Tables

Table 1

Baseline characteristics of the participants

Data was given as mean ± SD and number of cases (%). BMI, body mass index; BP, blood pressure; HDL-C, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol; LDL-C, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol; RBP-4, retinol-binding protein-4.

Table 2

Comparisons of the variables according to the presence of coronary artery stenosis

Data was given as mean ± SD. ^*Analyses were performed with Student's t-test. BMI, body mass index; BP, blood pressure; CAD, coronary artery disease; HDL-C, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol; LDL-C, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol; RBP-4, retinol-binding protein-4.

Table 3

Comparisons of the variables according to the number of stenotic vessels

Data was given as mean ± SD. ^*Analyses were performed with one-way ANOVA test. BMI, body mass index; BP, blood pressure; FBS, fasting blood glucose; HDL-C, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol; LDL-C, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol; RBP-4, retinol-binding protein-4; TC, total cholesterol; TG, triglyceride.

Table 4

Bivariate correlation coefficient between the metabolic parameters and serum RBP4 level

^*P < 0.05 in bivariate correlation analyses, ^†P < 0.01 in bivariate correlation analyses. BMI, body mass index; DBP, diastolic blood pressure; FBS, fasting blood glucose; HDL-C, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol; LDL-C, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol; RBP-4, retinol-binding protein-4; SBP, systolic blood pressure; T-chol, total cholesterol; TG, triglyceride.

Table 5

Comparisons of the variables according to the metabolic disease status defined by AHA/NHLBI

Data was given as mean ± SD. AHA/NHLBI, American Heart association/National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute; BMI, body mass index; BP, blood pressure; HDL-C, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol; LDL-C, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol; RBP-4, retinol-binding protein-4.

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