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Lee, Oh, Shim, Kim, An, Choi, and Jang: The Clinical Outcomes of Photodynamic Therapy in Early Lung Cancer Patients
Original Article
Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases

Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases 2011; 71(4): 266-270.

Published online: 31 October 2011

DOI: https://doi.org/10.4046/trd.2011.71.4.266

The Clinical Outcomes of Photodynamic Therapy in Early Lung Cancer Patients

Young Seok Lee, M.D.1, Yeon-Mok Oh, M.D., Ph.D.1, Tae Sun Shim, M.D., Ph.D.1, Woo Sung Kim, M.D., Ph.D.1, Jung Sun An, M.D.2, Chang-Min Choi, M.D., Ph.D.1, Seung Hun Jang, M.D., Ph.D.2

1Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.

2Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, Hallym University Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym University College of Medicine, Anyang, Korea.

Address for correspondence: Seung Hun Jang, M.D., Ph.D. Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, Hallym University Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym University College of Medicine, 896, Pyeongan-dong, Dongan-gu, Anyang 431-796, Korea. Phone: 82-31-380-3718, Fax: 82-31-380-3973, chestor@hallym.or.kr

Co-correspondence: Chang-Min Choi, M.D., Ph.D. Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, 86, Asanbyeongwon-gil, Songpa-gu, Seoul 138-736, Korea. Phone: 82-2-3010-5902, Fax: 82-2-3010-6968, ccm@amc.seoul.kr

Received 19 July 2011       Accepted 1 September 2011

Copyright © 2011. The Korean Academy of Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases. All rights reserved.

Abstract

Background

Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is effective in managing small superficial early lung cancer patients who were deemed nonsurgical candidates. However, we do not have any previous report on the usefulness of PDT in early lung cancer in South Korea. Thus we report here our experience of PDT in early lung cancer patients.

Methods

10 patients who underwent PDT for managing early lung cancer between June 2006 and July 2010 were analyzed. PDT was carried out 48 hours after photosensitizer injection. Re-bronchoscopy was carried out 48 hours after PDT in order to remove a necrotic tissue from the PDT site. For evaluation of PDT response, bronchoscopy and chest computed tomography (CT) were performed after 3 months.

Results

The median age of patients was 69 (49~77) and all patients were male. The smoking history of patients was 48 (20~75) pack-year and the median follow up of patients was 25 (11~52) months. Complete remission was observed in 10 patients and the recurrence of lung cancer was observed in 3 patients. Out of 10 patients, 3 patients died (one case of lung cancer progression and two cases of pneumonia).

Conclusion

The PDT is a safe and effective treatment in early lung cancer patients who are not suitable for surgical resection. The PDT in clinical practice is an attractive option in the treatment of early lung cancer.

Keywords: Lung Neoplasm, Photochemotherapy, Therapeutics

Figures and Tables

Figure 1
Progression-free survival and overall survival in the PDT patients. Kaplan-Meier curves for progression-free survival (A) and overall survival (B) in PDT patients are shown. In (A) and (B), tick marks indicate patients for whom data were censored at the data cutoff point. The median of progression-free survival is N.R. (not reached) and the median of overall survival is 36 months. PDT: photodynamic therapy.
trd-71-266-g001
Table 1
Clinical characteristics of patients
trd-71-266-i001

*Synchronous multiple bronchial lesion, †Operation refuse, ‡Cancer on Lt. main bronchus, §Cancer after previous lung cancer operation (pneumonectomy).

PY: pack-year; TNM: the TNM Classification of Malignant tumors; FEV1: forced expiratory volume in one second; sqcc: squamous cell carcinoma; CRI: cardiorespiratory insufficiency; LUL: left upper lobe; RUL: right upper lobe; RLL: right lower lobe; LLL: left lower lobe; N: no other site cancer; OP+CTX: operation and chemotherapy.

Table 2
The outcome in PDT patients
trd-71-266-i002

*Death due to lung cancer progression, †Death due to pneumonia.

F/U: follow-up period; PDT: photodynamic therapy; CR: complete remission; LN: cancer recurrence in mediastinal lymph node; mo: month.

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