Community Acquired Pneumonia

Min Ki Lee

doi:10.4046/trd.2011.70.1.1

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Lee: Community Acquired Pneumonia

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Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases

Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases 2011; 70(1): 1-9.

Published online: 31 January 2011

DOI: https://doi.org/10.4046/trd.2011.70.1.1

Community Acquired Pneumonia

Min Ki Lee, M.D.

Department of Internal Medicine, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Busan, Korea.

Address for correspondence: Min Ki Lee, M.D. Department of Internal Medicine, Pusan National University School of Medicine, 1-10, Ami-dong 1-ga, Seo-gu, Busan 602-739, Korea. Phone: 82-51-240-7216, Fax: 82-51-254-3127, leemk@pusan.ac.kr

Received 26 December 2010 Accepted 26 December 2010

Abstract

Community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) is a major cause of morbidity, of mortality, and of expenditure of medical resources. The etiology and antimicrobial susceptibility of CAP pathogens can differ by country. Treatment guidelines need to reflect the needs of individual countries based on pathogen susceptibility studies. Recent treatment guidelines for CAP in Korea were published by the Joint Committee of the Korean Academy of Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases, the Korean Society for Chemotherapy, and the Korean Society of Infectious Diseases. In this article, the etiologies, diagnoses, treatments for CAP will be reviewed and compared to the recent published Korean guidelines for CAP treatment.

Keywords: Pneumonia, Community-Acquired

Figures and Tables

Table 1

Grading levels of evidence

Table 2

Etiologies according to severity

^*Others: M. tuberculosis, Orientia tsutsugamushi, Leptospira.

Table 3

Etiologies according to the risk factors

Table 4

Criteria for admission: pneumonia severity index (PSI) score

^*Coexisting illness (Neoplastic disease: within one year, excluding cutaneous basal cell carcinoma or cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma; Liver disease: clinical or histological liver cirrhosis or chronic active hepatitis; Congestive cardiac failure: diagnosed by history, physical examination or laboratory findings; Cerebrovascular disease: clinical stroke or confirmed cases by CT or MRI). ^†Atlered mental state: disorientation to person, place and time; or recently decreased level of consciousness.

Table 5

Expected mortality, risk, and recommended place for treatment according to PSI

^*Hospitalization for a short term or treatment at observation unit.

PSI: pneumonia severity index.

Table 6

CURB-65, mortality, risk, and recommended place for treatment

Table 7

Criteria for severe pneumonia

Table 8

Recommended antimicrobial therapy according to etiologic microorganism

FQ: fluoroquinolone.

Table 9

Causes of pneumonia with no response to antimicrobial therapy

Table 10

Checklist for decision of discharge

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