Journal List > Tuberc Respir Dis > v.68(5) > 1001501

Kim, Kim, Kang, Kwon, Park, Ryu, Lee, Chun, Cho, and Chang: A Case of Delayed Severe Hypersensitivity Reaction during Genexol-PM® Infusion

Abstract

Although Taxol® is one of the most successful drugs in current cancer chemotherapy against solid tumors, a major problem is hypersensitivity reactions that arises as a consequence of activation of the complement (C) system, "C activation-related pseudo-allergy". Most severe hypersenstivity reactions occur within the first few minutes of Taxol® administration, usually after the first or second dose. Here we report a case of a severe hypersensitivity reaction in a 72-year-old man undergoing Genexol-PM® infusion. Hypotension and polymorphic pruritic skin rash appeared 2 hours after the start of Genexol-PM® infusion (with an appropriate premedication). Treating with methylprednisolone, epinephrine and inotropic agents, reduced the hypotension and the skin rash disappeared. We report this case with a review of the literature.

Figures and Tables

Table 1
Severity scale for quantification of intensity of anaphylactoid reaction
trd-68-294-i001

References

1. Kloover JS, den Bakker MA, Gelderblom H, van Meerbeeck JP. Fatal outcome of a hypersensitivity reaction to paclitaxel: a critical review of premedication regimens. Br J Cancer. 2004. 90:304–305.
2. Lee C, Gianos M, Klaustermeyer WB. Diagnosis and management of hypersensitivity reactions related to common cancer chemotherapy agents. Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol. 2009. 102:179–187.
3. Kim TY, Kim DW, Chung JY, Shin SG, Kim SC, Heo DS, et al. Phase I and pharmacokinetic study of Genexol-PM, a cremophor-free, polymeric micelle-formulated paclitaxel, in patients with advanced malignancies. Clin Cancer Res. 2004. 10:3708–3716.
4. Kim DW, Kim SY, Kim HK, Kim SW, Shin SW, Kim JS, et al. Multicenter phase II trial of Genexol-PM, a novel Cremophor-free, polymeric micelle formulation of paclitaxel, with cisplatin in patients with advanced non-small-cell lung cancer. Ann Oncol. 2007. 18:2009–2014.
5. Sendo T, Sakai N, Itoh Y, Ikesue H, Kobayashi H, Hirakawa T, et al. Incidence and risk factors for paclitaxel hypersensitivity during ovarian cancer chemotherapy. Cancer Chemother Pharmacol. 2005. 56:91–96.
6. Ring J, Seifert J, Messmer K, Brendel W. Anaphylactoid reactions due to hydroxyethyl starch infusion. Eur Surg Res. 1976. 8:389–399.
7. Gilbar P, Ridge A. Dexamethasone prophylaxis for paclitaxel hypersensitivity. J Oncol Pharm Pract. 2002. 8:81–87.
8. Szebeni J. Complement activation-related pseudoallergy: a new class of drug-induced acute immune toxicity. Toxicology. 2005. 216:106–121.
9. Szebeni J, Alving CR, Savay S, Barenholz Y, Priev A, Danino D, et al. Formation of complement-activating particles in aqueous solutions of Taxol: possible role in hypersensitivity reactions. Int Immunopharmacol. 2001. 1:721–735.
10. Judge A, McClintock K, Phelps JR, Maclachlan I. Hypersensitivity and loss of disease site targeting caused by antibody responses to PEGylated liposomes. Mol Ther. 2006. 13:328–337.
11. Szebeni J, Baranyi L, Savay S, Lutz HU, Jelezarova E, Bunger R, et al. The role of complement activation in hypersensitivity to PEGylated liposomal doxorubicin (Doxil®). J Liposome Res. 2000. 10:467–481.
12. Kim SC, Kim DW, Shim YH, Bang JS, Oh HS, Kim SW, et al. In vivo evaluation of polymeric micellar paclitaxel formulation: toxicity and efficacy. J Control Release. 2001. 72:191–202.
TOOLS
ORCID iDs

Jin Hwa Lee
https://orcid.org/http://orcid.org/0000-0003-0843-9862

Similar articles