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Seo, Choi, Shin, Won, Lee, Park, Lee, and Park: A Case of Acute Myeloid Leukemia with Multilineage Dysplasia accompanying Malignant Pleural Effusion
Case Report
Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases

Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases 2008; 65(1): 49-51.

Published online: 31 July 2008

DOI: https://doi.org/10.4046/trd.2008.65.1.49

A Case of Acute Myeloid Leukemia with Multilineage Dysplasia accompanying Malignant Pleural Effusion

Young Ik Seo, M.D.1, Tae Youn Choi, M.D.1, Jeong Won Shin, M.D.1, Jong Ho Won, M.D.2, Sang-Cheol Lee, M.D.2, Hee-Sook Park, M.D.2, Nam-Soo Lee, M.D.2, Rojin Park, M.D.1

1Department of Clinical Pathology, College of Medicine, Soon Chun Hyang University, Seoul, Korea.

2Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Soon Chun Hyang University, Seoul, Korea.

Address for correspondence: Rojin Park, M.D. Department of Laboratory Medicine, Soon Chun Hyang University Hospital, 657, Hannam-dong, Yongsan-gu, Seoul 140-743, Korea. Phone: 82-2-709-9427, Fax: 82-2-790-5820, rpark@hosp.sch.ac.kr

Received 28 April 2008       Accepted 30 June 2008

Copyright © 2008 The Korean Academy of Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases

Abstract

We report a case of acute myeloid leukemia with multilineage dysplasia accompanying malignant pleural effusion. A 73 year-old male patient was admitted complaining of febrile sensations and right chest pain. The cytology of the pleural fluid revealed malignant pleural effusion showing many blasts, which had previously been identified in his bone marrow when he was diagnosed with acute myeloid leukemia with multilineage dysplasia two months earlier. His age and poor general condition had precluded chemotherapy with the exception of hydroxyurea and conservative treatment. Unfortunately, he succumbed to the disease 4.5 months after diagnosis. This case highlights the importance of determining if the pleural effusion of acute leukemia is malignant or not because it can suggest a pleural metastasis and influence the prognosis.

Keywords: Malignant pleural effusion, Acute myeloid leukemia with multilineage dysplasia, Extramedullary involvement

Figures and Tables

Figure 1
Chest X-rays. Left: Chest PA at diagnosis of acute leukemia. Right: chest AP showing consolidation in both lungs and right pleural effusion at diagnosis of malignant pleural effusion.
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Figure 2
Pleural fluid cytospin showing myeloid blasts on which CD13, and CD33 were expressed (Wright-Giemsa stain, ×1,000).
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