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Jang, Lee, Kim, Lee, Cho, Park, Moon, Song, Park, Kim, and Park: Clinical and Radiological Characteristics of Non-Tuberculous Bronchial Anthracofibrosis
Original Article
Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases

Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases 2007; 63(2): 139-144.

Published online: 31 August 2007

DOI: https://doi.org/10.4046/trd.2007.63.2.139

Clinical and Radiological Characteristics of Non-Tuberculous Bronchial Anthracofibrosis

See Jin Jang, M.D.1, Sook Young Lee, M.D.1, Suk Chan Kim, M.D.1, So Young Lee, M.D.1, Hyun Sun Cho, M.D.1, Ki Hoon Park, M.D.1, Hwa Sik Moon, M.D.1, Jeong Sup Song, M.D.1, Sung Hak Park, M.D.1, Young Kyoon Kim, M.D.1, Hyun Jin Park, M.D.2

1Department of Internal Medicine, the Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea.

2Department of Radiology, the Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea.

Address for correspondence: Young Kyoon Kim, M.D. Division of Pulmonology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kangnam St. Mary's Hospital, The Catholic University of Korea, #505 Banpo-dong, Seocho-gu, Seoul, 137-701, Korea. Phone: 82-2-590-2756, Fax: 82-2-596-2158, youngkim@catholic.ac.kr

Received 11 May 2007       Accepted 24 August 2007

Copyright © 2007 The Korean Academy of Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases

Abstract

Background

Bronchial anthracofibrosis, which is defined as bronchial narrowing with black pigmentation of the overlying bronchial mucosa, is frequently associated with tuberculosis. The aim of this study was to examine the relationship between bronchial anthrocofibrosis and to identify the clinical and radiological characteristics of non-tuberculous bronchial anthracofibrosis.

Methods

All patients who showed bronchial anthracofibrosis in more than one segment on a bronchoscopic examination from January 2003 to July 2006 at Kangnam St. Mary's hospital were enrolled in this study. The underlying diseases, baseline clinical characteristics, characteristic findings on a computed tomogram (CT) of the chest, pathologic findings of the bronchial mucosa, and the clinical response to steroid therapy were analyzed retrospectively.

Results

A total 54 patients (19 males, 35 females) were enrolled with a mean age of 75 years. The most common presenting symptoms were cough, sputum and dyspnea. The predominant X-ray findings were peribronchial soft tissue attenuation with or without calcification, mediastinal lymphadenopathy with or without calcification and atelectasis. Fourteen non-tuberculous anthracofibrosis patients were treated with steroid. Nine patients were improved clinically, and 6 patients were improved radiologically.

Conclusion

Bronchial anthracofibrosis is frequently associated with various pulmonary diseases not only tuberculosis but also COPD pneumonia etc.

Keywords: Anthracofibrosis, Steroid, Tuberculosis

Figures and Tables

Table 1
Characteristics of patients
trd-63-139-i001
Table 2
Comorbid disorders of anthracofibrosis
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Table 3
Symptoms, PFT and pathologic findings of non-tuberculous anthracofibrosis
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Table 4
Radiologic findings of non-tuberculous anthracofibrosis
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Table 5
Outcomes of treatment with steroid in non-tuberculous anthracofibrosis
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*patients with bronchial stenosis on bronchoscopic finding, †patients treated with steroid.

References

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2. Chung MP, Lee KS, Han J, Kim H, Rhee CH, Han YC, et al. Bronchial stenosis due to anthracofibrosis. Chest. 1998. 113:344–350.
3. Park IW, Yoo CG, Kwon OJ, Kim YW, Han SK, Shim YS. Clinical study of dark-blue pigmentation in the bronchial mucosa. Tuberc Respir Dis. 1991. 38:280–286.
4. Lee HS, Maeng JH, Jang JG, Park W, Ryu DS, Kang GH, et al. Clinical features of simple bronchial anthracofibrosis which is not associated with tuberculosis. Tuberc Respir Dis. 2002. 53:510–518.
5. Kim SW, Kim IS, Park DH, No TM, Joeng JK, Jung SW, et al. The clinical significances of bronchial anthracofibrosis in the patients with endobronchial tuberculosis. Tuberc Respir Dis. 2004. 56:495–504.
6. No TM, Kim IS, Kim SW, Park DH, Joeng JK, Ju DW, et al. The clinical investigation for determining the etiology of bronchial anthracofibrosis. Korean J Med. 2003. 65:665–674.
7. Kim HY, Im JG, Goo JM, Kim JY, Han SK, Lee JK, et al. Bronchial anthracofibrosis(Inflammatory bronchial stenosis with anthracotic pigmentation): CT findings. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 2000. 174:523–527.
8. Long R, Wong E, Barrie J. Bronchial anthracofibrosis and tuberculosis: CT features before and after treatment. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 2005. 184:S33–S36.
9. Han SH, CHa GY, Lee YM, Kim GE, Eo ST, Kim YH, et al. Study of antituberculous medications in anthracofibrosis. Tuberc Respir Dis. 2001. 51:224–231.
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