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Kang, Lee, Kwon, Kim, Kim, Song, Park, Moon, and Park: Analysis of Sleep Questionnaires of Patients who Performed Overnight Polysomnography at the University Hospital
Original Article
Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases

Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases 2006; 60(1): 76-82.

Published online: 31 January 2006

DOI: https://doi.org/10.4046/trd.2006.60.1.76

Analysis of Sleep Questionnaires of Patients who Performed Overnight Polysomnography at the University Hospital

Ji Ho Kang, M.D., Sang Haak Lee, M.D., Soon Seog Kwon, M.D., Young Kyoon Kim, M.D., Kwan Hyoung Kim, M.D., Jeong Sup Song, M.D., Sung Hak Park, M.D., Hwa Sik Moon, M.D., Yong Moon Park, M.D., Ph.D.1

Department of Internal Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.

1Department of Preventive Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.

Address for correspondence: Hwa Sik Moon, M.D., Division of Pulmonology, Department of Internal Medicine, St. Paul's Hospital, The Catholic University of Korea, 620-56, Jeonnong-dong, Dongdaemoon-gu, Seoul, 130-709, Republic of Korea. Phone: +82-2-958-2463, Fax: +82-2-968-7250, hsmoon@catholic.ac.kr

Received 2 November 2005       Accepted 14 December 2005

Copyright © 2006 The Korean Academy of Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases

Abstract

Background

The objective of this study was to understand sleep-related problems, and to determine whether the sleep questionnaires is a clinically useful method in patients who need polysomnography.

Methods

Subjects were patients who performed polysomnography and who asked to answer a sleep questionnaires at the Sleep Disorders Clinic of St. Paul's Hospital, Catholic University of Korea. Baseline characteristics, past medical illness, behaviors during sleep-wake cycle, snoring, sleep-disordered breathing and symptoms of daytime sleepiness were analyzed to compare with data of polysomnography.

Results

The study population included 1081 patients(849 men, 232 female), and their mean age was 44.2±12.8 years. Among these patients, 38.9% had an apnea-hypopnea index(AHI)<5, 27.9% had 5≤AHI<20, 13.2% had 20≤AHI<40, and 20.0% had 40≤AHI. The main problems for visiting our clinic were snoring(91.7%), sleep apnea(74.5%), excessive daytime sleepiness(8.0%), insomnia(4.3%), bruxism(1.1%) and attention deficit(0.5%). The mean value of frequency of interruptions of sleep was 1.6 and the most common reason was urination(46.3%). Epworth Sleepiness Scale(ESS) had a weak correlation with AHI(r=0.209, p<0.01). When we performed analysis of sleep questionnaires, there were significant differences in the mean values of AHI according to the severity of symptoms including snoring, daytime sleepiness, taking a nap and arousal state after wake(p<0.05).

Conclusion

On the basis of statistical analysis of sleep questionnaires, the severity of subjective symptoms such as ESS, snoring, daytime sleepiness and arousal state after wake correlated with the AHI significantly. Therefore the sleep questionnaires can be useful instruments for prediction of the severity of sleep disorder, especially sleep-disordered breathing.

Keywords: Sleep questionnaires, Polysomnography, Obstructive sleep apnea

Figures and Tables

Figure 1
Distribution for the causes of awakening during sleep
trd-60-76-g001
Figure 2
Correlation between ESS and apnea-hypopnea index
trd-60-76-g002
Figure 3
Comparison of ESS between categorized apnea-hypopnea index
trd-60-76-g003
Table 1
Clinical and baseline characteristics of study subjects
trd-60-76-i001

Abbreviations: BMI; body mass index, AI; apnea index, AHI; apnea-hypopnea index, ESS; Epworth Sleepiness Scale

*Number of study subjects are 509 persons

Values are mean (range)

Values are mean [%]

Table 2
Main problems of visiting clinic
trd-60-76-i002

N; number of subjects

Table 3
Comparison of apnea-hypopnea index according to the level of sleep-related events
trd-60-76-i003

*Statistical significance were tested by ANOVA

†The same letters indicates non-significant difference between groups based on Tukey's multiple comparison test

‡Statistical significance was evaluated by paired t-test

§AHI : apnea-hypopnea index

N : number of subjects

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