Abstract
Purpose
Materials and Methods
Results
Figures and Tables
Fig. 1
Changes in clinical parameters at 8 months after intervention with either testosterone replacement therapy (TRT group, n=54) or placebo (control group, n=52) in patients with testosterone deficiency syndrome. At 8 months after intervention, the improvement in total testosterone levels, IIEF-5 score, AMS score, and BDI score was significantly higher (*) in the TRT group than in the control group. *p<0.05 compared with control group. Qmax: maximal urinary flow rate, PVR: postvoid residual volume, IIEF-5: 5-item version of the International Index of Erectile Function questionnaire, AMS: Aging Males' Symptoms, BDI: Beck Depression Inventory, K-MMSE: Korean Mini-Mental State Examination.
![wjmh-34-194-g001](/upload/SynapseData/ArticleImage/2074wjmh/wjmh-34-194-g001.jpg)
Fig. 2
Overview of K-MMSE scores for patients with testosterone deficiency syndrome, stratified according to whether they received testosterone replacement therapy (TRT group, n=13) or a placebo (control group, n=12). Only data for patients with cognitive impairment at baseline (K-MMSE score <25) are given. At 8 months after intervention, the K-MMSE scores improved significantly (*) in the TRT group but not in the control group. *p<0.05 compared with baseline values. K-MMSE: Korean Mini-Mental State Examination.
![wjmh-34-194-g002](/upload/SynapseData/ArticleImage/2074wjmh/wjmh-34-194-g002.jpg)
Table 1
Baseline characteristics of patients with testosterone deficiency syndrome
![wjmh-34-194-i001](/upload/SynapseData/ArticleImage/2074wjmh/wjmh-34-194-i001.jpg)
Values are presented as mean±standard deviation.
TRT: testosterone replacement therapy, BMI: body mass index, PSA: prostate-specific antigen, Qmax: maximal urinary flow rate, PVR: postvoid residual volume, IIEF-5: 5-item version of the International Index of Erectile Function questionnaire, AMS: Aging Males' Symptoms, BDI: Beck Depression Inventory, K-MMSE: Korean Mini-Mental State Examination.
Table 2
Clinical parameters of patients with testosterone deficiency syndrome who received TRT (n=54)
![wjmh-34-194-i002](/upload/SynapseData/ArticleImage/2074wjmh/wjmh-34-194-i002.jpg)
Values are presented as mean±standard deviation.
TRT: testosterone replacement therapy, BMI: body mass index, PSA: prostate-specific antigen, Qmax: maximal urinary flow rate, PVR: postvoid residual volume, IIEF-5: 5-item version of the International Index of Erectile Function questionnaire, AMS: Aging Males' Symptoms, BDI: Beck Depression Inventory, K-MMSE: Korean Mini-Mental State Examination.
Table 3
Clinical parameters of patients with testosterone deficiency syndrome who did not undergo testosterone replacement therapy (control group, n=52)
![wjmh-34-194-i003](/upload/SynapseData/ArticleImage/2074wjmh/wjmh-34-194-i003.jpg)
BMI: body mass index, PSA: prostate-specific antigen, Qmax: maximal urinary flow rate, PVR: postvoid residual volume, IIEF-5: 5-item version of the International Index of Erectile Function questionnaire, AMS: Aging Males' Symptoms, BDI: Beck Depression Inventory, K-MMSE: Korean Mini-Mental State Examination.
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
References
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