Induction of Apoptosis with Moringa oleifera Fruits in HCT116 Human Colon Cancer Cells Via Intrinsic Pathway

Tae-Eun Guon; Ha Sook Chung

doi:10.20307/nps.2017.23.4.227

Journal List > Nat Prod Sci > v.23(4) > 1060672

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Guon and Chung: Induction of Apoptosis with Moringa oleifera Fruits in HCT116 Human Colon Cancer Cells Via Intrinsic Pathway

Original Article

Natural Product Sciences 2017;23(4):227-234.

Published online: 20 January 2017

DOI: https://doi.org/10.20307/nps.2017.23.4.227

Induction of Apoptosis with Moringa oleifera Fruits in HCT116 Human Colon Cancer Cells Via Intrinsic Pathway

Tae-Eun Guon, Ha Sook Chung^∗

College of Natural Sciences, Duksung Women's University, Seoul 01369, Korea

^∗Author for correspondence Ha Sook Chung, Ph.D., College of Natural Sciences, Duksung Women's University 144 Gil 33, Samyang-ro, Dobong-gu, Seoul 01369, Korea. Tel: +82-2-901-8593; E-mail: hasook@duksung.ac.kr

Received 2 June 2017 Revised 20 July 2017 Accepted 21 July 2017

This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0) which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

Abstract

Moringa oleifera Lam (M. oleifera, Moringaceae) is a tree of the Moringaceae family that can reach a height of between 5 and 10 m. The current paper presents cytotoxic effect of M. oleifera fruits and its flavonoids 1 and 2. The viability of HCT116 human colon cancer cells were 38.5% reduced by 150 µg/mL of ethanolic extracts in a concentration-dependent manner; in addition, we observed the apoptotic features of cell shrinkage and decreased cell size. Bcl-2 family proteins were regulated as determined by Western blotting analysis, suggesting that M. oleifera fruits and their flavonoids 1 and 2 induced apoptosis through an intrinsic pathway. Based on our findings, 70% ethanolic extracts of M. oleifera fruits and flavonoids 1 and 2 might be useful as cytotoxic agents in colorectal cancer therapy.

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Keywords: Moringa oleifera fruits, Cytotoxicity, Intrinsic pathway

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Fig. 1.

Chemical structure of compounds 1 and 2.

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Fig. 2.

Cytotoxic effect of MOF in HCT116 cells. Cell viability at the indicated concentrations was assessed for 72 hr by MTT assay. ∗p < 0.05, significantly different from control cells.

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Fig. 3.

Induction of apoptosis by MOF in HCT116 cells. The formation of apoptotic bodies (arrows) in Hoechst-33258-stained cells observed by fluorescent microscopy.

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Fig. 4.

Induction of apoptosis by MOF in HCT116 cells. Flow cytometric analysis of HCT116 cells incubated with MOF for 72 hr. The right bottom quadrant represents Annexin V-stained cells (early-phase apoptotic cells). The top right quadrant represents PI- and Annexin V-stained cells (late-phase apoptotic cells). ∗p < 0.05, significantly different from control cells.

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Fig. 5.

Regulation of Bcl-2 family in MOF-treated HCT116 cells. Equal amounts of cell lysates were electrophoresed, and Bax and Bcl-2 expression form were detected by Western blotting analysis with corresponding antibodies. ∗p < 0.05, significantly different from control cells.

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Fig. 6.

Cytotoxic effect of compounds 1 and 2 in HCT116 cells. Cell viability at the indicated concentrations was assessed for 72 hr by MTT assay. ∗p < 0.05, significantly different from control cells.

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Fig. 7.

Induction of apoptosis by compounds 1 and 2 in HCT116 cells. The formation of apoptotic bodies (arrows) in Hoechst-33258-stained cells observed by fluorescent microscopy.

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Fig. 8.

Regulation of Bcl-2 family on compounds 1 and 2-treated HCT116 cells. Equal amounts of cell lysates were electrophoresed, and Bax and Bcl-2 expression form were detected by Western blotting analysis with corresponding antibodies. ∗p < 0.05, significantly different from control cells.

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