PDF
ePub
Citation
Print
Abstract
Purpose
This study was conducted to investigate and analyze the association between stress from shift and non-shift work as well as the effects living habits have on eating habits in order to identify why and how workers can improve their health and form proper eating habits for higher working efficiency.
Methods
The subjects of this study were 361 workers from K manufacturing company from April 7 to 11, 2014 and they were surveyed using a questionnaire. The subjects were divided into two groups according to working pattern: shift workers (n = 216) and non-shift workers (n = 110).
Results
In the general characteristics, there were significant differences in age, work career, work time, marriage, monthly income, and education levels between the two groups. For healthy behaviors, significant differences in subjective health status, moderate physical activity, drinking, smoking, and sleep time were observed between shift workers and non-shift workers. For eating habits, scores of non-shift workers having a regular mealtime, balanced meal composition, and vegetable and seaweed intakes were significantly higher than those of shift workers. The sum score of dietary habits in non-shift workers was also significantly lower than that in shift workers (p < 0.05). Total job stress score did not significantly differ between the two groups.
Conclusion
The sum of eating habit scores according to work types was 16.1 ± 0.6 in non-shift workers and 14.0 ± 0.3 in shift workers. These results suggest that it is necessary to provide food suitable to characteristics of different workers according to work type which should be provided along with daily nutrition counseling to help subjects recognize their status.
Figures and Tables
Table 5
Characteristics of eating habits according to working pattern1)
1) Adjusted by age, working period, mean working hours, educational level, monthly mean family income, subjective health awareness, intermediate physical activity status, drinking status, smoking status, and the first diagnostic period of dyslipidemia 2) Rated with a 3-point Likert scale: 1 = very undesirable, 3 = very desirable 3) Means ± SD
*p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001
Table 6
Caffeine intake according to working pattern1)
1) Adjusted by age, working period, mean working hours, educational level, monthly mean family income, subjective health awareness, intermediate physical activity status, drinking status, smoking status, and the first diagnostic period of dyslipidemia 2) Ministry of Food and Drug Safety (2013)24 3) Means ± SD
Table 7
Job stress degree according to working pattern1)
1) Adjusted by age, working period, mean working hours, educational level, monthly mean family income, subjective health awareness, intermediate physical activity status, drinking status, smoking status, and the first diagnostic period of dyslipidemia 2) Means ± SD
*p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001
References
1. Park MH, Choi YS, Lee MA, Choi BS, Jung HJ. A study on the food behaviors and nutritional status of industrial workers. Korean J Community Nutr. 1999; 4(2):194–206.
2. Park J. Are cerebrovascular and cardiovascular diseases among employees work-related? Korean J Occup Environ Med. 2005; 17(4):288–296.
3. Akerstedt T, Fredlund P, Gillberg M, Jansson B. A prospective study of fatal occupational accidents: relationship to sleeping difficulties and occupational factors. J Sleep Res. 2002; 11(1):69–71.
4. Park JS, Paek D, Lee KB, Rhee KY, Yi KH. Shiftwork and sickness absence in Korean manufacturing industries. Korean J Prev Med. 1994; 27(3):475–486.
5. Monk TH. Shift work. In : Kryger MH, Roth T, Dement WC, editors. Principles and Practice of Sleep Medicine. 3rd ed. Philadelphia (PA): WB Saunders;2000. p. 600–605.
6. Härmä MI, Ilmarinen J, Knauth P, Rutenfranz J, Hänninen O. Physical training intervention in female shift workers: I. The effects of intervention on fitness, fatigue, sleep, and psychosomatic symptoms. Ergonomics. 1988; 31(1):39–50.
7. Härmä MI, Ilmarinen J, Knauth P, Rutenfranz J, Hänninen O. Physical training intervention in female shift workers: II. The effects of intervention on the circadian rhythms of alertness, short-term memory, and body temperature. Ergonomics. 1988; 31(1):51–63.
8. Kogi K. Introduction to the problems of shift work. In : Folkard S, Monk TH, editors. Hours of Works Temporal Factors in Work-scheduling. . New York (NY): John Wiley and Sons;1985. p. 165–184.
9. LaDou J. Occupational and environmental medicine. 2nd ed. Stamford (CT): Appleton & Lange;1997.
10. Ha MN, Kim JY, Park JS, Chung HK. Influence of shiftwork duration on blood pressure and heart rate variability in short rotating 8-hour shiftworkers. Korean J Occup Environ Med. 2001; 13(2):180–189.
11. Kim YG, Yoon DY, Kim JI, Chae CH, Hong YS, Yang CG, Kim JM, Jung KY, Kim JY. Effects of health on shift-work: general and psychological health, sleep, stress, quality of life. Korean J Occup Environ Med. 2002; 14(3):247–256.
12. No SC. Long work hours and risk factors for cardiovascular system among male workers in a city gas company [dissertation]. Seoul: Seoul National University;2006.
13. van der Hulst M. Long workhours and health. Scand J Work Environ Health. 2003; 29(3):171–188.
14. Kim JH, Go HH. A study on the job stress of teachers. Seoul: Baeyoungsa;1994.
15. Kim DH, Kim HD. Stress-related socio-demographic factors and life style on male white collar workers. J Korean Soc Health Educ Promot. 2002; 19(2):45–55.
16. Kouvonen A, Kivimäki M, Cox SJ, Cox T, Vahtera J. Relationship between work stress and body mass index among 45,810 female and male employees. Psychosom Med. 2005; 67(4):577–583.
17. Kang K, Sung J, Kim CY. High risk groups in health behavior defined by clustering of smoking, alcohol, and exercise habits: National Heath and Nutrition Examination Survey. J Prev Med Public Health. 2010; 43(1):73–83.
18. Kim YH, Park RJ, Park WJ, Kim MB, Moon JD. Predictors of metabolic syndrome among shipyard workers and its prevalence. Korean J Occup Environ Med. 2009; 21(3):209–217.
19. Kim EY, Hwang SY. Predicting factors of smoking and emotional stress among male patients with acute coronary syndrome. Korean J Adult Nurs. 2011; 23(1):100–109.
20. Kim HK. Food habits and nutritional status of men working at industry. J Korean Soc Food Cult. 1995; 10(2):119–123.
21. Korean Endocrine Society. Korean Society for the Study of Obesity. Management of obesity, 2010 recommendation. Endocrinol Metab. 2010; 25(4):301–304.
22. Ministry of Health and Welfare, Korea Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Korea Health Statistics 2012: Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES V-3). Cheongwon: Korea Centers for Disease Control and Prevention;2013.
23. Lee JW, Lee MS, Kim JH, Son SM, Lee BS. Nutritional assessment. 3rd ed. Paju: Gyomoon Publishers;2011.
24. Ministry of Food and Drug Safety (KR). Domestic distribution is being ‘Energy Drinks’ caffeine content survey [Internet]. Cheongwon: Ministry of Food and Drug Safety;2012. cited 2016 Aug 2. Available from: http://www.mfds.go.kr/index.do?mid=675&seq=18764&cmd=v.
25. Lee SH. The relationships between job stress, self-efficacy and job burnout of mental health nurses working in mental health centers [dissertation]. Busan: Kyungsung University;2013.
26. Ministry of Health and Welfare, Korea Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey Data of 2007. Cheongwon: Korea Centers for Disease Control and Prevention;2008.
27. Breslow L, Enstrom JE. Persistence of health habits and their relationship to mortality. Prev Med. 1980; 9(4):469–483.
28. Park YO. A study on the eating habits and nutrient intakes of industrial workers who works day and night [dissertation]. Gwangju: Chonnam National University;2001.
29. Shin JN. Dietary behavior and food intake patterns among workers in Dalseong-gun, Daegu [dissertation]. Daegu: Keimyung University;2012.
30. Beik GY, Cho SY. Nutritive states of workers in Kumi area: comparative study of electronics companies, textile companies and others. J Korean Soc Hyg Sci. 1997; 3(1-2):97–110.
31. Ministry of Health and Welfare, Korea Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Korea Health Statistics 2010: Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES V-1). Cheongwon: Korea Centers for Disease Control and Prevention;2011.
32. Seo KM. Analysis of physical activity in male office workers. J Korean Community Nurs. 2003; 14(1):95–105.
33. National Health Insurance Service (KR). National health screening insurance statistical 2012 [Internet]. Seoul: National Health Insurance Service;2013. [cited 2014 May 5]. Available from: http://www.nhis.or.kr/bbs7/boards/B0039/3024.
34. Korean Society of Lipidology and Atherosclerosis. Guideline on the treatment of blood cholesterol. 3rd ed. Seoul: Korean Society of Lipidology and Atherosclerosis;2009.
35. Chung SJ, Kim WY. Nutrition knowledge and food habits of housewives. J Korean Home Econ Assoc. 1985; 23(4):101–108.
36. Carruth BR, Mangel M, Anderson HL. Assessing change-proneness and nutrition-related behaviors. J Am Diet Assoc. 1977; 70(1):47–53.
37. Cho YJ. A study of office workers job stress [dissertation]. Seoul: Korea University;2004.
38. Park HJ, Park SK, Cho YC. Relationship between the psychosocial factors and job stress among clerical public officers. J Korea Acad Ind Coop Soc. 2014; 15(9):5610–5620.
39. Tak JK, Lee KS, Hong HS. Comparison of job stressors between managers and employees in white-collar workers of an electric company. Korean J Prev Med. 2002; 35(2):160–168.
40. Hur SO, Chang SS, Koo JW, Park CY. The assessment of stress between white and blue collar workers by using psychosocial well-being index. Korean J Prev Med. 1996; 29(3):609–616.
41. French JR, Caplan RD, Van Harrison R. The mechanisms of job stress and strain. New York (NY): John Wiley and Sons;1982.
42. Kim YC, Chung HK, Lee SH. A study on the life stress effects on psychiatric symptoms and physical condition in normal subjects. J Korean Neuropsychiatr Assoc. 1989; 28(2):282–291.
43. Kim SH, Yoon JH, Park HS. A study on the relationship between fatigue and stress. J Korean Acad Fam Med. 1992; 13(3):226–232.
44. Son BC, Chun JH, Lee CH, Kim DH, Lee CH, Park SK. Stress level of blue and white collar workers in a company assessed with psychosocial well-being index. Inje Med J. 1999; 20(1):433–446.
45. Kim DY. Effects of stress on dietary behavior in industrial employees [dissertation]. Iksan: Wonkwang University;2011.
XML Download