Selection of Reference Equations for Lung Volumes and Diffusing Capacity in Korea

Eun Hee Song; Yeon Mok Oh; Sang Bum Hong; Tae Sun Shim; Chae Man Lim; Sang Do Lee; Youn Suck Koh; Woo Sung Kim; Dong Soon Kim; Won Dong Kim; Tae Hyung Kim

doi:10.4046/trd.2006.61.3.218

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Song, Oh, Hong, Shim, Lim, Lee, Koh, Kim, Kim, Kim, and Kim: Selection of Reference Equations for Lung Volumes and Diffusing Capacity in Korea

Original Article

Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases

Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases 2006; 61(3): 218-226.

Published online: 30 September 2006

DOI: https://doi.org/10.4046/trd.2006.61.3.218

Selection of Reference Equations for Lung Volumes and Diffusing Capacity in Korea

Eun Hee Song, M.D.^*, Yeon Mok Oh, M.D.^*, Sang Bum Hong, M.D., Tae Sun Shim, M.D., Chae Man Lim, M.D., Sang Do Lee, M.D., Youn Suck Koh, M.D., Woo Sung Kim, M.D., Dong Soon Kim, M.D., Won Dong Kim, M.D., Tae Hyung Kim, M.D.¹

Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Research Center for Chronic Obstructive Airway Disease, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.

¹Division of Pulmonology, Department of Internal Medicine, Hanyang University Guri Hospital, Hanyang University College of Medicine, Guri, Korea.

Address for correspondence: Tae-Hyung Kim, M.D. Division of Pulmonology, Department of Internal Medicine, Hanyang University Guri Hospital, Hanyang University College of Medicine, Guri, Korea. Phone: 82-31-560-2240, Fax: 82-31-553-7369, drterry@hanyang.ac.kr

Equal contributor:

*The co-first authors equally contributed this article.

Received 7 July 2006 Accepted 4 September 2006

Abstract

Background

The lung volume and diffusing capacity are influenced by ethnicity. However, there are no equations for predicting the normal lung volume in the adult Korean population, and there is only one equation for diffusing capacity. The aim of this study is to select the most suitable reference equation for the Korean population.

Method

30 men and 33 women at Hanyang University Guri Hospital, and 27 men and 34 women at Asan Medical Center in healthy nonsmoking adults were enrolled in this study. The subject's age, gender, height, weight, lung volume by plethysmography, and diffusing capacity by a single breathing method were obtained. The most suitable equation with the lowest sum of residuals between the observed and predicted values for lung volume and diffusing capacity was selected.

Result

At Hanyang University Guri Hospital, the equations with the lowest sum of residuals in the total lung capacity were ECSC's equation in males (sum of residual: 0.04 L) and Crapo/Morris's equation (-1.04) in women. At the Asan Medical Center, the equations with the lowest sum of residuals in the total lung capacity were Goldman/Becklake's equation in males (sum of residual: -2.35) and the ECSC's equation -4.49) in women. The equations with the lowest sum of residuals in the Diffusing capacity were Roca's equation in males (sum of residual: -13.66 ml/min/mmHg) and Park's in women (25.08) in Hanyang University Guri hospital and Park's equation in all cases in the Asan Medical Center (male: -1.65 , female: -6.46).

Conclusions

Until a reference equstion can be made for healthy Koreans by sampling, ECSC's equation can be used for estimating the lung volume and Park's can be used for estimating the diffusing capacity.

Keywords: Reference equation, Lung volume, Diffusing capacity

Figures and Tables

Figure 1

Scatter of Residuals in total lung capacity

Figure 1 shows residuals of ECSC's equations that had the lowest sum of residual in total lung capacity at Hanyang university Guri Hospital and Asan Medical Center.

Figure 2

Scatter of Residuals in DLCO

Figure 2 shows residuals of Park's equations that had the lowest sum of residual in diffusing capacity at Hanyang University Guri Hospital and Asan Medical Center.

Table 1

Characteristics of the subjects

^*Hanyang University Guri Hospital

^†Asan medical center

All values are expressed as mean ± standard deviation

Table 2

Number of subjects according to the age groups

^*Hanyang University Guri Hospital

^†Asan medical center

Table 3

Reference equations of lung volumes

^*Height in centimeters; ^†Age in years; ^‡Body surface area(m2 ); ^§Weight in kilograms

Abbreviations: TLC = total lung capacity; RV = residual volume; FRC = functional residual capacity

Table 4

Reference equations of diffusing capacity

^*Height in centimeters; ^†Age in years; ^‡Body surface area(m2 ); ^§Weight in kilograms

Table 5

Reference equations of Diffusing capacity/ VA

^*diffusing capacity corrected by alveolar volume, DLCO/VA

^†Height in centimeters; ^‡Age in years; ^§Weight in kilograms

Table 6

Sum of residual in total lung capacity, residual volume and functional residual capacity

^*: Hanyang university Guri Hospital ^†: Asan medical center

Abbreviations: TLC = total lung capacity; RV = residual volume; FRC = functional residual capacity

Table 7

Sum of residual in diffusing capacity and DLCO/VA

^*: Hanyang university Guri Hospital ^†: Asan medical center

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