Temporal Changes of the Calcium-binding Proteins in the Medial Vestibular Nucleus following Unilateral Labyrinthectomy in Rats

Seok Min Hong; Jae Hee Lee; Seung Geun Yeo; Chang Il Cha; Byung Rim Park

doi:10.4196/kjpp.2008.12.3.95

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Hong, Lee, Yeo, Cha, and Park: Temporal Changes of the Calcium-binding Proteins in the Medial Vestibular Nucleus following Unilateral Labyrinthectomy in Rats

Original Article

Korean J Physiol Pharmacol 2008;12(3):95-99.

Published online: 17 June 2008

DOI: https://doi.org/10.4196/kjpp.2008.12.3.95

Temporal Changes of the Calcium-binding Proteins in the Medial Vestibular Nucleus following Unilateral Labyrinthectomy in Rats

Seok Min Hong¹, Jae Hee Lee², Seung Geun Yeo³, Chang Il Cha³, Byung Rim Park²

¹Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, Chuncheon Sacred Hospital, Hallym University College of Medicine, Chuncheon 200-704, Korea

²Department of Physiology, Wonkwang University School of Medicine and Vestibulocochlear Research Center at Wonkwang University, Iksan 570-749, Korea

³Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head & Neck Surgery, College of Medicine, KyungHee University, Seoul 130-702, Korea

Corresponding to: Byung Rim Park, Department of Physiology, Wonkwang University School of Medicine, 344-2, Shinyong-dong, Iksan 570-749, Korea. (Tel) 82-63-850-6773, (Fax) 82-63-852-6108, (E-mail) byungp@wku.ac.kr

This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0) which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

Abstract

Calcium (Ca²⁺) is an intracellular second messenger associated with neuronal plasticity of the central nervous system. The calcium-binding proteins regulate the Ca²⁺-mediated signals in the cytoplasm and buffer the calcium concentration. This study examined temporal changes of three calcium-binding proteins (calretinin, calbindin and parvalbumin) in the medial vestibular nucleus (MVN) during vestibular compensation after unilateral labyrinthectomy (UL) in rats. Rats underwent UL, and the changes in the expression of these proteins at 2, 6, 12, 24, 48, and 72 h were examined by immuno-fluorescence staining. The expression levels of all three proteins increased immediately after UL and returned to the control level by 48 h. However, the level of calretinin showed changes different from the other two proteins, being expressed at significantly higher level in the contralateral MVN than in the ipsilateral MVN 2 h after UL, whereas the other two proteins showed similar expression levels in both the ipsilateral and contralateral MVN. These results suggest that the calcium binding proteins have some protective activity against the increased Ca²⁺ levels in the MVN. In particular, calretinin might be more responsive to neuronal activity than calbindin or parvalbumin.

Keywords: Calcium-binding proteins, Medial vestibular nuclei, Vestibular compensation

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Fig. 1.

Immunofluorescence findings of calretinin in the medial vestibular nucleus after unilateral labyrinthectomy (UL). A & B, left (Lt) & right (Rt) MVN, respectively, in control rat; C & D, ipsilateral (left) & contralateral (right) MVN to the lesion, respectively, 2 h after UL; E & F, ipsilateral & contralateral MVN, respectively, 6 h after UL; G & H, ipsilateral & contralateral MVN, respectively, 24 h after UL; I & J, ipsilateral & contralateral MVN, respectively, 48 h after UL; MVNmc, magnocellular portion MVN; 4^thV, 4^th ventricle.

Fig. 2.

Changes in the area of calretinin staining in the medial vestibular nucleus after UL. 0 hour represents control; ipsilateral, ipsilateral MVN to the lesion; contralateral, contralateral MVN to the lesion. Relative ratio was calculated from the ratio of the areas in UL animals to those in control animals. Values are mean±SE. ∗p<0.05, ∗∗p<0.01, significantly different from control; ^†p<0.05, significantly different from the opposite side.

Fig. 3.

Immunofluorescence findings of calbindin in the medial vestibular nucleus after UL. A & B, left (Lt) & right (Rt) MVN, respectively, in control rat; C & D, ipsilateral (left) & contralateral (right) MVN to the lesion, respectively, 2 h after UL; E & F, ipsilateral & contralateral MVN, respectively, 6 h after UL; G & H, ipsilateral & contralateral MVN, respectively, 24 h after UL; I & J, ipsilateral & contralateral MVN, respectively, 48 h after UL. In E & F, the large square in the lower panel is a magnification of the small square in the upper panel. Triangle indicates the nerve terminals and arrow indicates the nerve fibers.

Fig. 4.

Changes in the area of calbindin staining in the medial vestibular nucleus after UL. 0 hour represents control; ipsilateral, ipsilateral MVN to the lesion; contralateral, contralateral MVN to the lesion. Relative ratio was calculated from the ratio of the areas in UL animals to those in control animals. Values are mean±SE. ∗p<0.05, ∗∗p<0.01, significantly different from control.

Fig. 5.

Fig. 6.

Changes in the area of parvalbumin staining in the medial vestibular nucleus after UL. 0 hour represents control; ipsilateral, ipsilateral MVN to the lesion; contralateral, contralateral MVN to the lesion. Relative ratio was calculated from the ratio of the areas in UL animals to those in control animals. Values are mean±SE. ∗p<0.05, ∗∗p<0.01, significantly different from control.

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