Treatment of Obstructive Sleep Apnea with Positive Pressure Ventilation

Jihye Choi; Seok Hyun Cho

doi:10.7599/hmr.2013.33.4.239

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Choi and Cho: Treatment of Obstructive Sleep Apnea with Positive Pressure Ventilation

Review Article

Hanyang Medical Reviews 2013; 33(4): 239-245.

Published online: 25 November 2013

DOI: https://doi.org/10.7599/hmr.2013.33.4.239

Treatment of Obstructive Sleep Apnea with Positive Pressure Ventilation

Jihye Choi, Seok Hyun Cho

Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Hanyang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.

Correspondence to: Seok Hyun Cho. Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Hanyang University Hospital, 222 Wangsimni-ro, Seongdong-gu, Seoul 133-792, Korea. Tel: +82-2-2290-8583, Fax: +82-2-2293-3335, shcho@hanyang.ac.kr

Received 2 August 2013 Revised 7 October 2013 Accepted 13 October 2013

(open-access):

This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/) which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

Abstract

Continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) is the gold-standard treatment for moderate to severe obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). Before CPAP therapy, optimal pressure to relieve any airway obstructive events (apnea, hypopnea, respiratory effort-related arousals, and snoring) should be measured during the second polysomnography. The main benefits of CPAP use are 1) elimination of airway obstructions regardless of sleep stages and positions during sleep, 2) amelioration of daytime and nocturnal symptoms, 3) decreased incidence and progression of systemic co-morbidities such as cardiovascular diseases, and 4) decreased incidence of accident-related traumas and mortality related to somnolence caused by OSA. Although CPAP is the most reliable and effective treatment for OSA, lack of patient acceptance and compliance may limit the CPAP use. To solve these problems, it is very important to educate patients and manage complications associated with mask and pressure-related discomforts as early as possible.

Keywords: Continuous Positive Airway Pressure, Sleep Apnea, Obstructive, Hypertension, Compliance

Figures and Tables

Fig. 1

Components of positive airway pressure (PAP) machine.

Fig. 2

Three types of CPAP masks.

Fig. 3

Continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) modes of CPAP, bilevel positive airway pressure (BPAP), and auto-titrating positive airway pressure (APAP).

Fig. 4

Follow up data showing compliance information after 30 days CPAP use.

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

This research was supported by the Basic Science Research Program of the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) funded by the Ministry of Education, Science and Technology (NRF-2013R1A1A2007651).

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