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Hong, Kim, and Kim: Prevalence and Clinical Features of Hyperuricemia in Gwangju and Jeonnam Territories
Original Article
Journal of Rheumatic Diseases

Journal of Rheumatic Diseases 2012; 19(3): 138-146.

Published online: 30 June 2012

DOI: https://doi.org/10.4078/jrd.2012.19.3.138

Prevalence and Clinical Features of Hyperuricemia in Gwangju and Jeonnam Territories

Su-Jin Hong, Yun Sung Kim, Hyun-Sook Kim

Department of Internal Medicine, The Chosun University College of Medicine, Gwangju, Korea.

Corresponding to: Hyun-Sook Kim, Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Chosun University Hospital, 588, Seoseok-dong, Dong-gu, Gwangju 501-717, Korea. healthyra@chosun.ac.kr

Received 9 March 2012       Revised 15 June 2012       Accepted 15 June 2012

Copyright © 2012 by The Korean College of Rheumatology

(free-access):

This is a Free Access article, which permits unrestricted non-commerical use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

Abstract

Objective

This study was designed to identify the prevalence and clinical features of hyperuricemia in Gwangju and Jeonnam territories.

Methods

We enrolled 2309 participants who underwent health examinations at Chosun University Hospital from January 2008 to June 2010. All participants were free from gout, diabetes, hypertension, rheumatoid arthritis, dyslipidemia, cerebral infarction, cardiovascular disease, cancer, asthma, and autoimmune disease. Hyperuricemia was defined as ≥7 mg/dL in males and ≥6 mg/dL in females. Metabolic syndrome was defined using the International Diabetes Federation (IDF) criteria, which were revised in 2005. Clinical profiles were investigated, including age, waist circumference (WC), body- mass index (BMI), fasting glucose, HbA1c, triglycerides, total cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), blood pressure (BP), high-sensitivity-C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), homocysteine, fibrinogen, total bilirubin, gamma-glutamyl transferase (r-GT), aspartate aminotransferase/alanine aminotransferase (AST/ALT), alcohol consumption, smoking and exercise.

Results

The overall prevalence of hyperuricemia was 9.8% among our study. The condition was more common in males than in females (15.0% vs 4.1%). Uric acid concentration was correlated with WC, BMI, BP, triglycerides, total cholesterol, hs-CRP, and r-GT (p<0.05). Additionally, among males, uric acid concentration was correlated with WC. The prevalence of metabolic syndrome increased when uric acid concentration increased. Males with hyperuricemia had 2.3-fold higher risk of metabolic syndrome (odds ratio (OR)=2.33). Female with hyperuricemia had 2.8-fold higher risk of metabolic syndrome (OR=2.78) as compared to those without hyperuricemia.

Conclusion

The overall incidence of hyperuricemia was 9.8%. The prevalence of metabolic syndrome increased along with increases in uric acid concentration. Hyperuricemia may be positive predictive factor for metabolic syndrome and also may be risk factor in cardiovascular morbidity.

Keywords: Hyperuricemia, Metabolic syndrome

Figures and Tables

Table 1
Baseline demographic characteristics of all participants (n=2,297)
jrd-19-138-i001

BMI: body mass index, WC: waist circumference, Glucose: fasting blood sugar, HDL-C: high density lipoprotein cholesterol, LDL-C: low density lipoprotein cholesterol, SBP: systolic blood pressure, DBP: diastolic blood pressure

Table 2
The association of hyperuricemia and other characteristics features according to the gender of the participants
jrd-19-138-i002

BMI: body mass index, WC: waist circumference, Glucose: fasting blood sugar, HDL-C: high density lipoprotein cholesterol, LDL-C: low density lipoprotein cholesterol, NS: nonspecific. *p-value<0.05

Table 3
Multiple logistic regression models to determine the risk of these characteristic factors of hyperuricemia according to gender
jrd-19-138-i003

WC: waist circumference, BMI: body mass index, Glucose: fasting blood sugar, HDL-C: high density lipoprotein cholesterol, LDL-C: low density lipoprotein cholesterol. *p-value<0.05

Table 4
The association between metabolic syndrome and varying levels of uric acid according to gender
jrd-19-138-i004

*p-value<0.05

Table 5
Risk of development of metabolic syndrome in hyperuricemic patients according to gender
jrd-19-138-i005
Table 6
Correlation analysis between uric acid and inflammatory markers, gamma-glutamyl transferase
jrd-19-138-i006

*p-value<0.05

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