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Choi, Lee, Kwon, and Herr: A Study of the Effects of Bone Morphogenetic Protein on the Characteristics of Rat Periodontal Ligament and Calvaria Cells
Original Article

The Journal of the Korean Academy of Periodontology 1999; 29(4): 765-783.

Published online: 31 December 1999

DOI: https://doi.org/10.5051/jkape.1999.29.4.765

A Study of the Effects of Bone Morphogenetic Protein on the Characteristics of Rat Periodontal Ligament and Calvaria Cells

Jin-Keun Choi, Man-Sup Lee, Young-Hyuk Kwon, Yeek Herr

Department of Periodontology, Division of Dentistry, Graduate school, Kyung-Hee University, Korea.

Copyright © 1999 Korean Academy of Periodontology

Abstract

Bone morphogenetic protein-2/4 (BMP-2/4) are members of Transforming Growth Factor-β (TGF-β) superfamily and they may differentiate the osteoprogenitor cell and induce formation of cartilage and bone in vivo.
This study was performed to investigate the effects of bone morphogenetic protein-2/4 on the characteristics of rat periodontal ligament cells(RPDL) and rat calvaria cells(RCV). In the control group, the cells were cultured alone with Dulbeco's Modified Eagle's Medium contained with 20% fetal bovine serum, 100µl/ml penicillin, 100µl/ml streptomycin. In the experimental groups, recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein-2/4 (25ng, 100ng, 250ng/ml) were added into the above culture condition. And then each group was characterized by examing the cell proliferation at 1, 2, 3, 5, 7th day, the amount of total protein synthesis and alkaline phosphatase activity at 2, 5, 7th day. And also, the calcified nodule was examed.
The results were as follows;

  1. Both RCV and RPDL cells in both control and experimental groups proliferated during the entire experimental period, but there is no stastically significant difference according to the BMP-2/4 concentration.

  2. Amount of total protein synthesis of both cells in both groups was steadily increased until 5th day, but all experimental groups were significantly different from the control group at 7th day.

  3. Alkaline phosphatase activity of both cells in both groups was increased during the entire experiment period. In RCV cells, the experimental group treated with 100ng/ml and 250ng/ml BMP-2/4 were significantly different from the control group at 7th day. In RPDL cells, the experimental group treated with 100ng/ml and 250ng/ml BMP-2/4 were significantly different from the control group at 5th day, and all experimental groups were significantly different from the control group at 7th day.

  4. In the both of the cultured Rat Periodontal ligament and calvaria cell treated with BMP-2/4 to compared with control group, it revealed more rapid cell polarization, cell aggregation and hyperchromatic stained on HE agent, and even though only 1 day treated with BMP-2/4 both RPDL and RCV showed more rapid cell reaction than control group. More sensivitve cell reaction of RCV were observed than RPDL in this experiment.

From the above results, we could conclude that BMP-2/4 influenced the induction, proliferation and differentiation of bone forming cells.

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