Bond strength of orthodontic brackets bonded to enamel with a self-etching primer after bleaching and desensitizer application

Nuray Attar; Yonca Korkmaz; Yasemin Kilical; Saglam-Aydinatay Banu; Ceren Ozge Bicer

doi:10.4041/kjod.2010.40.5.342

Journal List > Korean J Orthod > v.40(5) > 1043641

Go to TopGo to Top Go to BottomGo to Bottom

TOOLS

Bond strength of orthodontic brackets bonded to enamel with a self-etching primer after bleaching and desensitizer application

Original Article

Korean J Orthod 2010;40(5):342-348.

Published online: 19 January 2010

DOI: https://doi.org/10.4041/kjod.2010.40.5.342

Bond strength of orthodontic brackets bonded to enamel with a self-etching primer after bleaching and desensitizer application

Nuray Attar, DDS, PhD^a, Yonca Korkmaz, DDS, PhD^b, Yasemin Kilical, DDS^c, Saglam-Aydinatay Banu, DDS, PhD^d, Ceren Ozge Bicer, DDS^e

^aProfessor, Department of Conservative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey.

^bAssociate Professor, Department of Conservative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Başkent University, Ankara, Turkey.

^cDental Student, College of Dental Medicine, Columbia University, NY, USA.

^dAssistant Professor, Department of Orthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey.

^eResearch Assistant, Department of Conservative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey.

Corresponding author: Nuray Attar. Department of Conservative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey. ＋90 312 3052270; e-mail, nurayattar@hotmail.com.

Received 31 May 2010 Revised 23 June 2010 Accepted 26 June 2010

This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0) which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

Abstract

Objective:

The aim of this study was to compare the shear bond strengths (SBS) of orthodontic brackets bonded to enamel with a self-etching primer after bleaching, desensitizer application and combined treatment.

Methods:

Forty-eight premolars were randomly divided into four groups, each with n = 12 premolar samples. The four groups were; Group1: 15% hydrogen-peroxide office bleaching agent (Illuminé Office-IO), Group 2: IO + BisBlock Oxalate Dentin-Desensitizer, Group 3: Bis Block Oxalate Dentin-Desensitizer, Group 4: No treatment (control). Twenty-four hours after bonding, the specimens were tested in SBS at a crosshead speed of 5 mm/min until the brackets debonded. The failure mode of the brackets was determined by a modified adhesive remnant index.

Results:

Bleaching, bleaching and desensitizer treatment, and desensitizer treatment alone all significantly reduced SBS of the orthodontic brackets (p = 0.001). No statistically significant difference was found between Group 1, Group 2 and Group 3 (Group 1-Group 2, p = 0.564; Group 1-Group 3, p = 0.371; Group 2-Group 3, p = 0.133). The predominant mode of failure for the treatment groups (Group1, Group 2 and Group 3) was at the enamel-adhesive interface leaving 100% of the adhesive on the bracket base.

Conclusions:

Bleaching and desensitizer treatment should be delayed until the completion of orthodontic treatment.

Keywords: Bracket, Adhesive, Bonding

REFERENCES

1.Shinohara MS., Peris AR., Rodrigues JA., Pimenta LA., Ambro-sano GM. The effect of nonvital bleaching on the shear bond strength of composite resin using three adhesive systems. J Adhes Dent. 2004. 6:205–9.

2.Unlu N., Cobankara FK., Ozer F. Effect of elapsed time following bleaching on the shear bond strength of composite resin to enamel. J Biomed Mater Res B Appl Biomater. 2008. 84:363–8.

3.Marshall MV., Cancro LP., Fischman SL. Hydrogen peroxide: a review of its use in dentistry. J Periodontol. 1995. 66:786–96.

4.Leonard RH Jr., Austin SM., Haywood VB., Bentley CD. Change in pH of plaque and 10% carbamide peroxide solution during nightguard vital bleaching treatment. Quintessence Int. 1994. 25:819–23.

5.Josey AL., Meyers IA., Romaniuk K., Symons AL. The effect of a vital bleaching technique on enamel surface morphology and the bonding of composite resin to enamel. J Oral Rehabil. 1996. 23:244–50.

6.Gürgan S., Bolay S., Alaçam R. In vitro adherence of bacteria to bleached or unbleached enamel surfaces. J Oral Rehabil. 1997. 24:624–7.

7.Canay S., Cehreli MC. The effect of current bleaching agents on the color of light-polymerized composites in vitro. J Prosthet Dent. 2003. 89:474–8.

8.Crim GA. Post-operative bleaching: effect on microleakage. Am J Dent. 1992. 5:109–12.

9.Perdigão J., Francci C., Swift EJ Jr., Ambrose WW., Lopes M. Ultra-morphological study of the interaction of dental adhesives with carbamide peroxide-bleached enamel. Am J Dent. 1998. 11:291–301.

10.Holland GR., Narhi MN., Addy M., Gangarosa L., Orchardson R. Guidelines for the design and conduct of clinical trials on dentine hypersensitivity. J Clin Periodontol. 1997. 24:808–13.

11.Walters PA. Dentinal hypersensitivity: a review. J Contemp Dent Pract. 2005. 6:107–17.

12.Türkkahraman H., Adanir N. Effects of potassium nitrate and oxalate desensitizer agents on shear bond strengths of orthodontic brackets. Angle Orthod. 2007. 77:1096–100.

13.Watanabe I., Nakabayashi N., Pashley DH. Bonding to ground dentin by a phenyl-P self-etching primer. J Dent Res. 1994. 73:1212–20.

14.Frankenberger R., Perdigão J., Rosa BT., Lopes M. "No-bottle" vs "multi-bottle" dentin adhesives—a microtensile bond strength and morphological study. Dent Mater. 2001. 17:373–80.

15.Van Meerbeek B., De Munck J., Yoshida Y., Inoue S., Vargas M., Vijay P, et al. Buonocore memorial lecture. Adhesion to enamel and dentin: current status and future challenges. Oper Dent. 2003. 28:215–35.

16.Perdigão J., Geraldeli S., Hodges JS. Total-etch versus self-etch adhesive: effect on postoperative sensitivity. J Am Dent Assoc. 2003. 134:1621–9.

17.Attar N., Korkmaz Y. Effect of two light-emitting diode (LED) and one halogen curing light on the microleakage of Class V flowable composite restorations. J Contemp Dent Pract. 2007. 8:80–8.

18.Gokcelik A., Ozel Y., Ozel E., Arhun N., Attar N., Firatli S, et al. The influence of Er: YAG laser conditioning versus self-etching adhesives with acid etching on the shear bond strength of orthodontic brackets. Photomed Laser Surg. 2007. 25:508–12.

19.Miller RA. Laboratory and clinical evaluation of a self-etching primer. J Clin Orthod. 2001. 35:42–5.

20.Oliver RG. The effect of different methods of bracket removal on the amount of residual adhesive. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 1988. 93:196–200.

21.Lai SC., Tay FR., Cheung GS., Mak YF., Carvalho RM., Wei SH, et al. Reversal of compromised bonding in bleached enamel. J Dent Res. 2002. 81:477–81.

22.Lai SC., Mak YF., Cheung GS., Osorio R., Toledano M., Carvalho RM, et al. Reversal of compromised bonding to oxidized etched dentin. J Dent Res. 2001. 80:1919–24.

23.Titley KC., Torneck CD., Smith DC., Adibfar A. Adhesion of composite resin to bleached and unbleached bovine enamel. J Dent Res. 1988. 67:1523–8.

24.Türkkahraman H., Adanir N., Güngör AY. Bleaching and desensitizer application effects on shear bond strengths of orthodontic brackets. Angle Orthod. 2007. 77:489–93.

25.Uysal T., Sisman A. Can previously bleached teeth be bonded safely using self-etching primer systems? Angle Orthod. 2008. 78:711–5.

26.Uysal T., Basciftci FA., Uşümez S., Sari Z., Buyukerkmen A. Can previously bleached teeth be bonded safely? Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 2003. 123:628–32.

27.Eminkahyagil N., Korkmaz Y., Gokalp S., Baseren M. Shear bond strength of orthodontic brackets with newly developed antibacterial self etch adhesive. Angle Orthod. 2005. 75:843–8.

28.Cavalli V., Reis AF., Giannini M., Ambrosano GM. The effect of elapsed time following bleaching on enamel bond strength of resin composite. Oper Dent. 2001. 26:597–602.

29.Sung EC., Chan SM., Mito R., Caputo AA. Effect of carbamide peroxide bleaching on the shear bond strength of composite to dental bonding agent enhanced enamel. J Prosthet Dent. 1999. 82:595–9.

30.Aranha AC., Siqueira Junior Ade S., Cavalcante LM., Pimenta LA., Marchi GM. Microtensile bond strengths of composite to dentin treated with desensitizer products. J Adhes Dent. 2006. 8:85–90.

31.Pashley DH. Dentin permeability, dentin sensitivity, and treatment through tubule occlusion. J Endod. 1986. 12:465–74.

32.Camps J., Pashley D. In vivo sensitivity of human root dentin to air blast and scratching. J Periodontol. 2003. 74:1589–94.

33.Gillam DG., Mordan NJ., Sinodinou AD., Tang JY., Knowles JC., Gibson IR. The effects of oxalate-containing products on the exposed dentine surface: an SEM investigation. J Oral Rehabil. 2001. 28:1037–44.

34.Gillam DG., Khan N., Mordan NJ., Barber PM. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) investigation of selected desensitizing agents in the dentine disc model. Endod Dent Traumatol. 1999. 15:198–204.

35.Tay FR., Pashley DH., Mak YF., Carvalho RM., Lai SC., Suh BI. Integrating oxalate desensitizers with total-etch two-step adhesive. J Dent Res. 2003. 82:703–7.

36.Reynolds IR. A review of direct orthodontic bonding. Br J Orthod. 1975. 2:171–8.

Fig 1.

Schematic view of the mean shear bond strength values and standard deviations of the groups tested.

Fig 2.

Schematic view of frequency distribution of Adhesive Remnant Index (ARI) scores among groups.

Table 1.

Manufacturers and types of the materials utilized in the study

Products	Type	Composition	Manufacturer
Illuminé	Office bleaching agent	30% hydrogen peroxide, poly (methyl vinyl ether/maleic anhydride) mixed calcium/sodium salts, titanium dioxide	Dentsply, DeTrey, GmbH, Konstanz, Germany
BisBlock	Oxalate dentin desensitizer	Oxalic acid	Bisco Inc, Schaumburg, IL, USA
Transbond Plus	Self-etching primer	Fluoride, no filler, methacry late ester derivative	3M Unitek, Monrovia, CA, USA
Transbond XT	Light cure adhesive paste	Quartz silica, Bis-GMA, bisphenol A bis (2-hydroxyethyl ether) dimetacrylate	3M Unitek, Monrovia, CA, USA

Bis-GMA, B is-phenol A diglycidyl metha cry late.

Table 2.

The Adhesive Remnant Index (ARI) score²⁰scale

Scores	Definitions
0	No adhesive left on the bracket
1	Less than 25% of adhesive left on the bracket
2	25-50% of adhesive left on the bracket
3	50-75% of adhesive left on the bracket
4	75-100% adhesive left on the bracket
5	100% of adhesive left on the bracket

Table 3.

The mean shear bond strength (SBS) values (MPa), standard deviations (SD), minimum and maximum values of the groups tested (unit: MPa)

Groups	N	Mean±SD	Minimum	Maximum
Group1	12	4.53±0.60^a	3.82	5.77
Group2	12	4.63±0.77^a	3.91	6.21
Group3	12	4.22±1.18^a	3.22	6.56
Group4	12	8.81±1.01^b	7.87	10.90

Different superscript letters showed statistically different groups. Significance was determined at a probability value of p ＜ 0.05. Group 1, Office bleaching + self etch + bracket; Group 2, office bleaching + BisBlock + self etch + bracket; Group 3, BisBlock + self etch + bracket; Group 4, self etch + bracket x(control).

Table 4.

The frequency distribution of Adhesive Remnant Index scores among groups

Groups	N	Score 0	Score 1	Score 2	Score 3	Score 4	Score 5
Group 1	12^a	-	-	-	-	5	7
Group 2	12^a	-	-	-	-	3	9
Group 3	12^a	-	-	-	1	2	9
Group 4	12^b	-	3	2	2	3	2

TOOLS

Similar articles