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Chung, Chung, Shin, and Kwon: Peeled and Piled Volume Models of the Kidney that Show Actual Morphology
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Basic Medical Sciences

Journal of Korean Medical Science 2016; 31(10): 1514-1515.

Published online: 25 July 2016

DOI: https://doi.org/10.3346/jkms.2016.31.10.1514

Peeled and Piled Volume Models of the Kidney that Show Actual Morphology

Beom Sun Chung1, Min Suk Chung1, Byeong-Seok Shin2, Koojoo Kwon2

1Department of Anatomy, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Korea.

2Department of Computer Science and Information Engineering, Inha University, Incheon, Korea.

Address for Correspondence: Koojoo Kwon, PhD. Department of Computer Science and Information Engineering, Inha University, 27 Inhang-ro, Jung-gu, Incheon 22332, Republic of Korea. mysofs@hananet.net

Received 16 December 2015       Accepted 24 June 2016

© 2016 The Korean Academy of Medical Sciences.

(open-access):

This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/) which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Current learning tools such as photographs, cadavers, and computer models are not sufficient for learning the comprehensive anatomy of the kidney and its surroundings. The objective of this research was to aid medical students by presenting tutorial software that contains peeled and piled volume models of the kidney. The sectioned images of donated female cadaver (age at death, 26 years; cause of death, stomach cancer; kidney pathology, none) were stacked to reconstruct three-dimensional volume model (voxel size, 0.2 mm) (1). Peeling and piling of the model were continuously carried out (intervals, 0.4 mm) to explore the inside and outside of the kidney (2).
For convenient browsing, 61 peeled and piled models (from −12 mm to +12 mm) in anterior, posterior, medial, and lateral views were put into software (Figs. 1 and 2). "Browsing software (Male - Peeled and piled kidney) (118 MB)" can be downloaded from the website (anatomy.co.kr) or directly from the address (http://vkh.ajou.ac.kr/Browsing_software_(kidney)_setup.exe) without charge or registration.

Figures and Tables

Fig. 1

The peeled (−12 mm) model of right kidney reconstructed by computer software (left and right). The level of peeling is indicated with green line on the reference sectioned image (center). The renal cortex (renal column) is red, while the renal medulla (renal pyramid, renal papilla) is pink. The renal column includes the interlobular artery and vein. Head shapes are appended to represent the viewpoints of the volume model and the sectioned image: anterior view (left), horizontal view (center), and posterior view (right).

jkms-31-1514-g001
Fig. 2

The piled (+12 mm) model of right kidney. The followings are found on the anterior surface of the kidney: liver (superolateral), inferior vena cava and renal vein (superomedial), ascending colon (inferolateral), and the duodenum (inferomedial); On the posterior surface, we identify the followings: 12th rib (superior), latissimus dorsi (lateral), erector spinae (medial), quadratus lumborum (inferolateral), psoas major (inferomedial), and external oblique muscle (posterior).

jkms-31-1514-g002

ACKNOWLEDGMENT

Raw data of the Visible Korean Human were acquired by the assistance from the Korea Institute of Science and Technology Information. Raw data of the Visible Korean Human were acquired by the assistance from the Korea Institute of Science and Technology Information.

Notes

Funding This work was funded by the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) grant funded by the Korea government (MSIP) (No. 2015R1A2A2A01008248, 2015R1A5A7037630). This research was supported by Basic Science Research Program through the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) funded by the Ministry of Education (No. 2015R1D1A4A01020277).

References

1. Park HS, Choi DH, Park JS. Improved sectioned images and surface models of the whole female body. Int J Morphol. 2015; 33:1323–1332.
2. Kwon K, Shin DS, Shin BS, Park HS, Lee S, Jang HG, Park JS, Chung MS. Virtual endoscopic and laparoscopic exploration of stomach wall based on a cadaver’s sectioned images. J Korean Med Sci. 2015; 30:658–661.
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ORCID iDs

Beom Sun Chung
https://orcid.org/http://orcid.org/0000-0002-3644-9120

Min Suk Chung
https://orcid.org/http://orcid.org/0000-0002-0527-9763

Byeong-Seok Shin
https://orcid.org/http://orcid.org/0000-0001-7742-4846

Koojoo Kwon
https://orcid.org/http://orcid.org/0000-0002-2467-5809

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