Journal List > J Korean Acad Nurs > v.42(5) > 1002856

Kim and Lee: Development of an Instrument to Measure Intra-Operative Caring Behaviors Perceived by Regional Anesthesia Patients

Abstract

Purpose

The purpose of this study was to develop a tool for measuring the intra-operative caring as perceived by regional anesthesia patients.

Methods

A preliminary instrument with 54 questions, based on a literature review and semi-structured interviews with 11 regional anesthesia patients, was developed. A group of experts revised individual questions, and 34 questions were finally selected. This tool was tested with 137 regional anesthesia patients admitted to D university hospital in B city from August to October 2008.

Results

The validity and reliability of the tool were tested using factor analysis. After item analysis, one question with a correlation coefficient under .30 was discarded After performing factor analysis on the final 33 questions, 7 factors were identified; holistic needs fulfillment, consideration, protective environment, cautiousness, concern, information, physical comfort. The total variance shown in the test was 73.5%. A Cronbach alpha of 0.96 showed the reliability of the instrument.

Conclusion

Results of this study indicate that the tool is statistically reliable and valid to measure the intraoperative caring perceived by regional anesthesia patients. This tool can be utilized usefully in assessing the effects of nursing interventions for regional anesthesia patients.

Figures and Tables

Figure 1
Conceptual framework for the study: Watson's 10 carative factors.
jkan-42-749-g001
Table 1
General Characteristics of Participants (N=137)
jkan-42-749-i001

*Thoracic surgery, opthalmology, obstetrics, urology.

Table 2
Factor Analysis of 33 Items
jkan-42-749-i002

Notes

This article is a revision of the first author's master's thesis from Dong-A University.

References

1. Bassett C. Nurses' perceptions of care and caring. Int J Nurs Pract. 2002. 8:8–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1440-172x.2002.00325.x.
2. Cronin SN, Harrison B. Importance of nurse caring behaviors as perceived by patients after myocardial infarction. Heart Lung. 1988. 17:374–380.
3. Hankela S, Kiikkala I. Intraoperative nursing care as experienced by surgical patients. AORN J. 1996. 63:435–442. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0001-2092-(06)63231-6.
4. Kim GS, Kim MJ, Park SM, Paek SY, Lee YS, Bae SD, et al. A study of perceived discomfort of the patients under local anesthesia. J Korean Soc Qual Assur Health Care. 2000. 7(1):6–17.
5. Kim HS, Kong EJ, An TM. The effects of aroma oil inhalation on the anxiety of preoperative patients. J Korean Assoc Oper Room Nurs. 2007. 15(1):57–72.
6. Kim MS. A study on Korean nurse's humor. 2002. Busan: Dong Eui University;Unpublished master's thesis.
7. Kong BH. Aesthetical-ethical paradigm of care ethics in nursing. J Korean Acad Nurs. 2002. 32:364–372.
8. Larson PJ. Important nurse caring behaviors perceived by patients with cancer. Oncol Nurs Forum. 1984. 11(6):46–50.
9. Lee BS. The Development of caring measurement tools for evaluating the quality of patient care. J Nurs Acad Soc. 1996. 26:653–667.
10. Lee EJ, Park HK, Choi KR, Kim SY, Sin HJ. The effect of offering preparatory sensory information to patients scheduled operation under spinal anesthesia. J Korean Clin Nurs Res. 2004. 9:136–147.
11. Lee-Hsieh J, Kuo CL, Tseng HF, Turton MA. Development of an instrument to measure caring behaviors in nursing students in Taiwan. Int J Nurs Stud. 2005. 42:579–588. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijnurstu.2004.09.018.
12. Leininger MM. Leininger MM, editor. Cross-cultural hypothetical function of caring and nursing care. Caring: An essential human need: Proceedings of the three national caring conference. 1981. Thorofare, NJ: Charles B. Slack, Inc.
13. Leininger MM. Leininger MM, editor. Care: The essence of nursing and health. Care: The essence of nursing. 1984. Thorofare, NJ: Charles B. Slack, Inc.
14. MacCallum RC, Widaman KF, Zhang SB, Hong SH. Sample size in factor analysis. Psychol Methods. 1999. 4(1):84–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037//1082-989X.4.1.84.
15. McNamara SA. Perioperative nurses' perceptions of caring practices. AORN J. 1995. 61:377380–385. 387–388. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0001-2092(06)63890-8.
16. Nam SM, Kim MH. A study on needs of the spinal anesthesia patients. J Korean Acad Adult Nurs. 2000. 12:666–677.
17. Park NS. The effect of preoperative information and touch on the patient state anxiety and vital sign. 2000. Gwangju: Chonnam National University;Unpublished master's thesis.
18. Parsons EC, Kee CC, Gray DP. Perioperative nurse caring behaviors: Perceptions of surgical patients. AORN J. 1993. 57:1106–1107. 1110–1114. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0001-2092(07)67316-5.
19. The Korean Society of Anesthesiologists. Anesthesiology and pain medicine. 2003. Seoul: Yeomungak Co.
20. Watson J. Nursing: The philosophical science of caring. 1979. Boston: Little Brown and Co.
21. Watson J. Nursing: Human science and human care. A theory of nursing. 1988. New York: National League for Nursing.
22. Wolf ZR, Giardino ER, Osborne PA, Ambrose MS. Dimensions of nurse caring. Image J Nurs Sch. 1994. 26:107–111. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1547-5069.1994.tb00927.x.
TOOLS
Similar articles