JKAOH Journal of Korean Academy of Oral Health J Korean Acad Oral Health 1225-388X 2093-7784 Journal of Korean Academy of Oral Health 10.11149/jkaoh.2020.44.1.48 jkaoh-44-48 Original Article Effects of oral health-related self-efficacy on oral health-related quality of life in male high school students YangKui-Ye1 JangJi-Eon2 National Institute of Food and Drug Safety Evaluation, Korea Department of Dental Hygiene, Suseong University, Daegu, Korea Corresponding Author: Ji-Eon Jang Department of Dental Hygiene, Suseong University, 15 Dalgubeol-daero 528-gil, Suseong-gu, Daegu 42078, Korea Tel: +82-53-749-7332 Fax: +82-53-749-7336 E-mail: jbjjbj0429@hanmail.net https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4788-6043 032020 15032020 441 4854 05082019 09022020 11022020 Copyright © 2020 by Journal of Korean Academy of Oral Health 2020 This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/), which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Abstract Objectives

To evaluate the association between oral health-related quality of life and oral health-related self-efficacy in high school students.

 Methods

A questionnaire-based survey was conducted among high school students in Daegu, South Korea from November to December 2015, and the final data of 432 students were analyzed.

 Results

Analysis of oral health-related self-efficacy in terms of general characteristics showed that both grade and income were significant factors (P<0.01). Furthermore, analysis of oral health-related quality of life in terms of general characteristics showed that academic achievement, father's educational level, and academic stress were significant factors (P<0.05). Correlation analyses of oral health-related quality of life with oral health-related self-efficacy revealed positive correlations with tooth brushing and ordinary oral health behavior. Regression analysis of oral health-related quality of life showed that father's educational level, oral health-related self-efficacy, academic stress, and academic achievement were influencing factors.

 Conclusions

These results indicate that oral health-related self-efficacy may play a significant role in oral health-related quality of life.

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General characteristics of the subjects

Variables N (%)
Grade
1 152 (35.2)
2 142 (32.9)
3 138 (31.9)
Academic achievement
High 79 (18.3)
Middle 276 (63.9)
Low 77 (17.8)
Father’s educational level
≤High school 202 (46.8)
≥College 230 (53.2)
Total 432 (100.0)
Mother’s educational level
≤High school 251 (58.1)
≥College 181 (41.9)
Academic Stress
High 90 (20.8)
Middle 244 (56.5)
Low 98 (22.7)
Income (10,000 KRW)
＜300 104 (24.1)
300-400 136 (31.5)
≥400 192 (44.4)
Total 432 (100.0)

Oral health-related self efficacy by general characteristics

Variables Tooth brushing
 Ordinary oral health behaviour
 Total
M±SD t or F (P)* M±SD t or F (P)* M±SD t or F (P)*
Grade
1 3.20±0.53 0.13 (0.88) 2.87±0.54a 5.65 (0.00) 3.05±0.48 2.11 (0.12)
2 3.19±0.51 2.76±0.51b b<c 3.00±0.44
3 3.22±0.52 2.98±0.56c 3.11±0.50
Academic achievement
High 3.26±0.51 0.80 (0.45) 2.98±0.50a 3.12 (0.04) 3.13±0.46 2.15 (0.12)
Middle 3.20±0.51 2.87±0.54b c<a 3.05±0.47
Low 3.16±0.54 2.76±0.59c 3.00±0.50
Father’s educational level
≤High school 3.18±0.53 0.05 (0.83) 2.82±0.53 4.02 (0.03) 3.01±0.47 0.28 (0.60)
≥College 3.23±0.51 2.92±0.55 3.09±0.48
Mother’s educational level
≤High school 3.19±0.51 0.14 (0.85) 2.83±0.54 0.98 (0.99) 3.03±0.47 0.58 (0.84)
≥College 3.22±0.53 2.92±0.55 3.09±0.49
Academic Stress
High 3.19±0.55 0.12 (0.89) 2.88±0.54 0.12 (0.89) 3.05±0.49 0.10 (0.90)
Middle 3.20±0.49 2.86±0.51 3.04±0.44
Low 3.23±0.55 2.89±0.63 3.07±0.54
Income (10,000 KRW)
＜300 3.22±0.53a 5.45 (0.00) 2.84±0.54 2.80 (0.06) 3.05±0.48a 4.91 (0.01)
300-400 3.09±0.51b b<c 2.80±0.52 2.96±0.46b b<c
＞400 3.28±0.50c 2.93±0.56 3.12±0.48c
Total 3.21±0.52 2.87±0.54 3.05±0.48

*P<0.05 by t-test or one way ANOVA.

,b,cClassification of Scheffe’s test.

Oral health-related quality of life by general characteristics

Variables Emoional
 Functional
 Oral health well-being
 Total
M±SD t or F (P)* M±SD t or F (P)* M±SD t or F (P)* M±SD t or F (P)*
Grade
1 2.30±1.11 0.50 (0.61) 2.95±1.07 0.16 (0.86) 2.37±0.63 0.42 (0.66) 3.30±0.48 1.25 (0.29)
2 2.42±1.11 2.93±1.06 2.44±0.65 3.25±0.51
3 2.31±1.14 3.00±1.11 2.40±0.67 3.34±0.46
Academic achievement
High 2.19±1.10 1.13 (0.32) 2.85±1.13 0.45 (0.64) 2.45±0.69 0.28 (0.76) 3.34±0.46a 3.87 (0.02)
Middle 2.40±1.14 2.98±1.08 2.40±0.64 3.32±0.45b b<c
Low 2.31±1.05 2.98±1.00 2.38±0.66 3.16±0.58c
Father’s educational level
≤High school 2.34±1.10 0.83 (0.36) 2.93±1.06 0.90 (0.34) 2.38±0.61 2.84 (0.09) 3.28±0.52 2.72 (0.04)
≥College 2.35±1.14 2.99±1.09 2.42±0.69 3.32±0.44
Mother’s educational level
≤High school 2.30±1.12 0.76 (0.41) 2.95±1.08 0.16 (0.86) 2.37±0.60 0.45 (0.64) 3.27±0.53 0.69 (0.55)
≥College 2.40±1.11 2.97±1.08 2.44±0.71 3.31±0.47
Academic Stress
High 2.35±1.16a 3.37 (0.04) 2.95±1.12 2.73 (0.07) 2.42±0.66 0.17 (0.85) 3.30±0.51a 3.48 (0.03)
Middle 2.24±1.07b b<c 2.87±1.07 2.38±0.61 3.25±0.49b b<c
Low 2.59±1.17c 3.17±1.02 2.42±0.73 3.40±0.43c
Income (10,000 KRW)
＜300 2.14±1.11 2.47 (0.09) 3.00±1.09 1.00 (0.37) 2.49±0.63 1.40 (0.25) 3.33±0.42 0.82 (0.44)
300-400 2.45±1.14 3.04±1.06 2.35±0.62 3.26±0.55
＞400 2.38±1.10 2.88±1.08 2.39±0.68 3.31±0.46
Total 3.49±0.53 3.51±0.59 2.73±0.62 3.30±0.48

*P<0.05 by t-test or one way ANOVA.

,b,cClassification of Scheffe’s test.

Correlation of oral health-related self efficacy and quality of life

Variables Oral health-related quality of life
Emotional Functional Oral health well-being Total
Oral health-related quality of life 0.25† 0.25†
Tooth brushing 0.07 0.18† 0.02
Ordinary oral health behaviour 0.18† 0.11* 0.02
Total 0.25†

*P<0.05,

P<0.01.

Factors for oral health-related quality of life

Variables Unstandardized coefficients
 Standardized coefficients P-value
B SE
Academic achievement (low=0) 0.093 0.046 0.093 0.044
Father’s educational level (≥College=0) 0.378 0.093 0.186 0.000
Academic stress (low=0) ―0.128 0.045 ―0.131 0.005
Oral health-related self efficacy 0.267 0.046 0.263 0.000
R2=0.117, F=14.145, P=0.000

Data analysed using stepwise regression analysis.