Lab Med Online LMO Laboratory Medicine Online 2093-6338 The Korean Society for Laboratory Medicine 10.3343/lmo.2020.10.1.88 Case Report A Case of Donor Cell Leukemia after Allogenic Peripheral Blood Stem Cell Transplantation for Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia with PML-RARA Shin Woo Yong M.D. 1 Bang Hae In M.D. 1 Kim Jieun M.D. 1 Kim Kyoung-Ha M.D. 2 Won Jong-Ho M.D. 2 https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2866-037X Park Rojin M.D. 1 Department of Laboratory Medicine, Soonchunhyang University Seoul Hospital, Seoul, Korea. Department of Internal Medicine, Soonchunhyang University Seoul Hospital, Seoul, Korea. Corresponding author: Rojin Park, M.D. Department of Laboratory Medicine, Soonchunhyang University Seoul Hospital, 59 Daesaqwan-ro, Yongsan-gu, Seoul 04401, Korea. Tel: +82-2-709-9427, Fax: +82-2-710-3088, rpark@schmc.ac.kr 01 2020 27 12 2019 10 1 88 91 01 04 2019 09 07 2019 17 07 2019 © 2020, Laboratory Medicine Online 2020 Laboratory Medicine Online This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/) which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

Donor cell leukemia (DCL), a rare but fatal complication arising from allogenic stem cell transplantation, is a complex disease associated with multiple pathophysiological processes. Specific diagnosis of DCL distinct from relapsed leukemia is important owing to its implications in setting up therapeutic approaches. Fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH), short tandem repeat (STR), variable number tandem repeat (VNTR) tests, or informative single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) analysis can be used to confirm the origin of leukemic cells from donor cells. Here, we report a case of DCL in a female patient after allogeneic peripheral stem cell transplantation from a male donor for the treatment of acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) with PML-RARA. DCL developed 6 years after stem cell transplantation and leukemic cells of donor origin were confirmed by the presence of Y chromosome on the X/Y FISH analysis of bone marrow aspirate specimen. This is the first case of DCL reported in an APL patient in Korea.

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