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<article xml:lang="KO" article-type="research-article">

<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id journal-id-type="nlm-ta">J Korean Orthop Assoc</journal-id>
<journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">JKOA</journal-id>
<journal-title-group>
<journal-title>Journal of the Korean Orthopaedic Association</journal-title>
</journal-title-group>
<issn pub-type="ppub">1226-2102</issn>
<issn pub-type="epub">2005-8918</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name>The Korean Orthopaedic Association</publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>

<article-meta>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.4055/jkoa.1986.21.4.554</article-id>
<article-categories>
<subj-group subj-group-type="heading">
<subject>Original Article</subject>
</subj-group>
</article-categories>
<title-group>
<article-title>Treatment of Acromioclavicular Separation and Fractures by Modified Kenny Howard sling-halter</article-title>
</title-group>

<contrib-group>

<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname>Choi</surname>
<given-names>Ki Hong</given-names>
</name>
</contrib>

<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname>Kang</surname>
<given-names>Chung Nam</given-names>
</name>
</contrib>

<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname>Wang</surname>
<given-names>Jin Man</given-names>
</name>
</contrib>

<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname>Roh</surname>
<given-names>Kwon Jae</given-names>
</name>
</contrib>

<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname>Yoon</surname>
<given-names>Young Gil</given-names>
</name>
</contrib>

</contrib-group>

<pub-date pub-type="ppub">
<month>08</month>
<year>1986</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>15</day>
<month>02</month>
<year>2019</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>21</volume>
<issue>4</issue>
<fpage>554</fpage>
<lpage>562</lpage>

<permissions>
<copyright-statement>Copyright &#x00A9; 1986 by The Korean Orthopaedic Association</copyright-statement>
<copyright-year>1986</copyright-year>
<copyright-holder>The Korean Orthopaedic Association</copyright-holder>
<license license-type="open-access" xlink:href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/">
<license-p>This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (<ext-link ext-link-type="uri" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/">http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/</ext-link>) which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.</license-p>
</license>
</permissions>

<abstract>
<p>There are many procedures for the treatment of acromioclavicular separation but there are still controversies concerning the best management of these injuries. The cases of 20 acromioclavicular separations and 3 distal end fractures of clavicle were treated by conservative method with modified Kenny Howard sling-halter using long arm cast at the department of Orthopedic Surgery, College of medicine,Ewha Womans University, during the thirty six months period from March 1982 to February 1985. The following results were obtained. 1. The average duration of immobilization was 5 weeks at the grade II of acromioclavicular separation and fracture of distal end of clavicle and 6 weeks at the grade III of acromioclavicular separation. 2. The functional results were 17 excellents(73.8%), 5 goods(21.9%), and 1 fair(4.3%). 3. The complications were 3 frozen shoulders(13.0%), 2 subluxations(8.6%), and 1 skin necrosis on the elbow(4.3%). 4. The authors immobilized the upper extremity with long arm cylinder cast of 90&#x00B0; flexion position instead of initial harness, so that it was applied easily and the patient felt very comfortable. 5. When the fracture and severe displacement were occurred at the midthird of the clavicle, it could be reduced and maintained with the long arm cylinder cast and strap.</p>
</abstract>

<kwd-group>
<kwd>Acromioclavicular separation</kwd>
<kwd>Conservative treatment</kwd>
<kwd>Modified Kenny Howard sling-halter</kwd>
</kwd-group>

</article-meta>
</front>

</article>