Korean J Schizophr Res KJSR Korean Journal of Schizophrenia Research 2287-6995 Korean Society for Schizophrenia Research 10.16946/kjsr.2018.21.2.59 Original Article Factors Affecting the Empowerment Experienced by Outpatients with Schizophrenia Kim Jun Gee MD 1 Ahn Jee Young MD 2 Kim Chul Kwon MD PhD 1 Department of Psychiatry, College of Medicine, Dong-A University, Busan, Korea. Igonggam Psychiatric Clinic, Busan, Korea. Address for correspondence: Chul Kwon Kim, Department of Psychiatry, College of Medicine, Dong-A University, 26 Daesingongwon-ro, Seo-gu, Busan 49201, Korea. Tel: 051-240-5467, Fax: 051-253-3542, kimck@dau.ac.kr 10 2018 25 10 2018 21 2 59 66 10 04 2018 10 05 2018 24 06 2018 Copyright © 2018 Korean Society for Schizophrenia Research 2018 Korean Society for Schizophrenia Research Objectives

To identify various factors that might affect the empowerment of outpatients with schizophrenia.

 Methods

Of patients who had been receiving outpatient treatments at the department of psychiatry in Dong-A university hospital, 116 patients with a DSM-IV-TR diagnosis of stable schizophrenia were enrolled in this study. The empowerment, psychiatric symptoms, social functions, insight, family attitude, social support and self-esteem were assessed through an interview or self-report measures. Overall, multiple regression analyses were performed in consideration of 11 factors (age, sex, level of education, age of onset, frequency of hospitalization, symptoms, social functions, insight, family attitude, social support, self-esteem) as explanatory variables for the empowerment.

 Results

Multiple regression analyses using a backward elimination revealed that the following four factors were found to be significant explanatory variables for the empowerment: age of onset, social functions, family attitude and self-esteem. A coefficient of determination for these four explanatory variables was 0.65.

 Conclusion

In conclusion, the results showed that four factors, such as age of onset, social functions, family attitude and self-esteem, were found to be significant explanatory variables for the empowerment of outpatients with schizophrenia. Since these four variables accounted for 65% of total empowerment, however, further studies in a larger group of patients are warranted to identify other potential factors for the empowerment.

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* : p<0.05, †: p<0.01, ‡: p<0.001

 Multiple regression of the empowerment of patients with stable schizophrenia (backward elimination)

R=0.81, R2=0.65, Corrected R2=0.63