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<article article-type="Original Article" dtd-version="1.0" xml:lang="ko" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">kjan</journal-id>
<journal-title-group>
<journal-title>Korean Journal of Adult Nursing</journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title>Korean J Adult Nurs</abbrev-journal-title>
</journal-title-group>
<issn pub-type="ppub">1225-4886</issn>
<issn pub-type="epub">2288-338X</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name>Korean Society of Adult Nursing</publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.7475/KJAN.2013.25.4.400</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">kjan-25-400</article-id>
<article-categories>
<subj-group subj-group-type="heading">
<subject>Original Research</subject>
</subj-group>
</article-categories>
<title-group>
<article-title>Effect of Bed Side Exercising on Back Pain and Bleeding Complications after Transcatheter Arterial Chemoembolization</article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Nam</surname><given-names>Sun Hee</given-names></name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1-kjan-25-400"><sup>1</sup></xref></contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kim</surname><given-names>Young-Ju</given-names></name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2-kjan-25-400"><sup>2</sup></xref>
<xref ref-type="corresp" rid="c1-kjan-25-400"/>
</contrib>
<aff id="aff1-kjan-25-400" xml:lang="en"><label><sup>1</sup></label>Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Seoul</aff>
<aff id="aff2-kjan-25-400" xml:lang="en"><label><sup>2</sup></label>Sungshin University College of Nursing, Seoul, <country>Korea</country></aff>
</contrib-group>
<author-notes>
<corresp id="c1-kjan-25-400">Corresponding author: Kim, Young-Ju Sungshin University College of Nursing, 147 Mia-dong, Kangbuk-gu, Seoul 142-100, Korea. Tel: +82-2-920-7510, Fax: +82-2-920-2091, E-mail: <email>yjkim727@sungshin.ac.kr</email></corresp>
</author-notes>
<pub-date pub-type="ppub">
<month>08</month>
<year>2013</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>18</day>
<month>08</month>
<year>2013</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>25</volume>
<issue>4</issue>
<fpage>400</fpage>
<lpage>408</lpage>
<history>
<date date-type="received"><day>31</day><month>12</month><year>2012</year></date>
<date date-type="revised"><day>01</day><month>05</month><year>2013</year></date>
<date date-type="accepted"><day>08</day><month>08</month><year>2013</year></date>
</history>
<permissions>
<copyright-statement>&#x00A9; 2013 Korean Society of Adult Nursing</copyright-statement>
<copyright-year>2013</copyright-year>
<license><license-p>This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (<ext-link ext-link-type="uri" xlink:href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/">http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/</ext-link>) which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.</license-p></license>
</permissions>
<abstract xml:lang="en">
<sec>
<title>Purpose</title>
<p>This study was conducted to examine the effects of bed side exercising on back pain and bleeding during absolute bed rest in patients who had received transcatheter arterial chemoembolization (TACE).</p>
</sec>
<sec>
<title>Methods</title>
<p>A nonequivalent control group pretest-posttest design was used. A total 46 patients were sampled from a gastrointestinal unit of a urban general hospital in Seoul. The control group received 8 hours of bed rest and conservative care. The experimental group received 8 hours of bed rest and bed side exercising every one hour from the time having absolute bed rest for 3 hours after TACE.</p>
</sec>
<sec>
<title>Results</title>
<p>The experimental group with bed side exercising experienced significantly less back pain compared to the control group. There was no significant difference in the incidence of bleeding complications between two groups.</p>
</sec>
<sec>
<title>Conclusion</title>
<p>The results indicate that a bed side exercising is associated with a reduction of back pain and with no increased risk of bleeding complications in patients after TACE.</p>
</sec>
</abstract>
<kwd-group xml:lang="en">
<kwd>Chemoembolization</kwd>
<kwd>Bed rest</kwd>
<kwd>Exercise</kwd>
<kwd>Back pain</kwd>
<kwd>Bleeding</kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
</front>
<back>
<ref-list xml:lang="en">
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<sec sec-type="display-objects">
<title>Figures and Tables</title>
<fig id="f1-kjan-25-400" position="float">
<label>Figure 1.</label>
<caption xml:lang="en"><p>Research design.</p></caption>
<graphic xlink:href="kjan-25-400f1.tif"/>
</fig>
<table-wrap id="t1-kjan-25-400" position="float">
<label>Table 1.</label>
<caption xml:lang="en"><p>Comparisons s of General Characteristics between Expe erimental and Contr rol Groups (<italic>N</italic>=46)</p></caption>
<table frame="hsides" rules="all">
<thead>
<tr>
<th valign="middle" align="center" rowspan="2">Characteristics</th>
<th valign="middle" align="center" rowspan="2">Categories</th>
<th valign="middle" align="center">Exp. (n=23)</th>
<th valign="middle" align="center">Cont. (n=23)</th>
<th valign="middle" align="center" rowspan="2"><italic>x</italic><sup>2</sup></th>
<th valign="middle" align="center" rowspan="2"><italic>p</italic></th>
</tr>
<tr>
<th valign="middle" align="left">n (%)</th>
<th valign="middle" align="center">n (%)</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td valign="top" align="left" rowspan="2">Gender</td>
<td valign="middle" align="left">Male</td>
<td valign="middle" align="center">20 (87.0)</td>
<td valign="middle" align="center">20 (87.0)</td>
<td valign="top" align="center" rowspan="2">0.00</td>
<td valign="top" align="center" rowspan="2">1.000</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td valign="middle" align="left">Female</td>
<td valign="middle" align="center">3 (13.0)</td>
<td valign="middle" align="center">3 (13.0)</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td valign="top" align="left" rowspan="2">Age (year)</td>
<td valign="middle" align="left">&#xFF1C;60</td>
<td valign="middle" align="center">10 (43.5)</td>
<td valign="middle" align="center">8 (34.8)</td>
<td valign="top" align="center" rowspan="2">0.36</td>
<td valign="top" align="center" rowspan="2">.763</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td valign="middle" align="left">&#x2265;60</td>
<td valign="middle" align="center">13 (56.5)</td>
<td valign="middle" align="center">15 (65.2)</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td valign="top" align="left" rowspan="3">Education</td>
<td valign="middle" align="left">&#x2264;Elementary school graduate</td>
<td valign="middle" align="center">6 (26.1)</td>
<td valign="middle" align="center">2 (8.7)</td>
<td valign="top" align="center" rowspan="3">3.14</td>
<td valign="top" align="center" rowspan="3">.214</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td valign="middle" align="left">Middle school graduate</td>
<td valign="middle" align="center">5 (21.7)</td>
<td valign="middle" align="center">9 (39.2)</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td valign="middle" align="left">&#x2265;High school graduate</td>
<td valign="middle" align="center">12 (52.2)</td>
<td valign="middle" align="center">12 (52.2)</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td valign="top" align="left" rowspan="2">Religion</td>
<td valign="middle" align="left">Have</td>
<td valign="middle" align="center">14 (60.9)</td>
<td valign="middle" align="center">11 (47.8)</td>
<td valign="top" align="center" rowspan="2">0.78</td>
<td valign="top" align="center" rowspan="2">.554</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td valign="middle" align="left">Not have</td>
<td valign="middle" align="center">9 (39.1)</td>
<td valign="middle" align="center">12 (52.2)</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td valign="top" align="left" rowspan="2">Marital status</td>
<td valign="middle" align="left">Unmarried, divorced, or widowed</td>
<td valign="middle" align="center">0 (0.0)</td>
<td valign="middle" align="center">0 (0.0)</td>
<td valign="top" align="center" rowspan="2">-</td>
<td valign="top" align="center" rowspan="2">-</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td valign="middle" align="left">Married</td>
<td valign="middle" align="center">23 (100.0)</td>
<td valign="middle" align="center">23 (100.0)</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td valign="top" align="left" rowspan="2">Occupation</td>
<td valign="middle" align="left">Employed</td>
<td valign="middle" align="center">15 (65.2)</td>
<td valign="middle" align="center">13 (56.5)</td>
<td valign="top" align="center" rowspan="2">0.36</td>
<td valign="top" align="center" rowspan="2">.763</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td valign="middle" align="left">Unemployed</td>
<td valign="middle" align="center">8 (34.8)</td>
<td valign="middle" align="center">10 (43.5)</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td valign="top" align="left" rowspan="3">Monthly income (10,000 won)</td>
<td valign="middle" align="left">&#x2264;99</td>
<td valign="middle" align="center">11 (47.8)</td>
<td valign="middle" align="center">10 (45.5)</td>
<td valign="top" align="center" rowspan="3">0.20</td>
<td valign="top" align="center" rowspan="3">.903</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td valign="middle" align="left">100~200</td>
<td valign="middle" align="center">4 (17.4)</td>
<td valign="middle" align="center">5 (22.7)</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td valign="middle" align="left">&#x2265;201</td>
<td valign="middle" align="center">8 (34.8)</td>
<td valign="middle" align="center">7 (31.8)</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table-wrap-foot>
<fn id="table1-fn1-kjan-25-400"><p>Exp.=experimental group; Cont.=control group.</p></fn>
</table-wrap-foot>
</table-wrap>
<table-wrap id="t2-kjan-25-400" position="float">
<label>Table 2.</label>
<caption xml:lang="en"><p>Homogeneity Tests between Two Groups (<italic>N</italic>=46)</p></caption>
<table frame="hsides" rules="all">
<thead>
<tr>
<th valign="middle" align="center" rowspan="2">Variables</th>
<th valign="middle" align="center" rowspan="2">Categories</th>
<th valign="middle" align="center">Exp. (n=23)</th>
<th valign="middle" align="center">Cont. (n=23)</th>
<th valign="middle" align="center" rowspan="2"><italic>x</italic><sup>2</sup> or t</th>
<th valign="middle" align="center" rowspan="2"><italic>p</italic></th>
</tr>
<tr>
<th valign="middle" align="left">n (%) or M&#x00B1;SD</th>
<th valign="middle" align="center">n (%) or M&#x00B1;SD</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td valign="top" align="left" rowspan="2">Use of analgesics</td>
<td valign="middle" align="left">Yes</td>
<td valign="middle" align="center">8 (34.8)</td>
<td valign="middle" align="center">6 (26.1)</td>
<td valign="top" align="center" rowspan="2">0.41</td>
<td valign="top" align="center" rowspan="2">.749</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td valign="middle" align="left">No</td>
<td valign="middle" align="center">15 (65.2)</td>
<td valign="middle" align="center">17 (73.9)</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td valign="top" align="left" rowspan="2">Frequency of analgesics administered (time)</td>
<td valign="middle" align="left">1</td>
<td valign="middle" align="center">7 (97.5)</td>
<td valign="middle" align="center">3 (50.0)</td>
<td valign="top" align="center" rowspan="2">2.36</td>
<td valign="top" align="center" rowspan="2">.245</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td valign="middle" align="left">&#x2265;2</td>
<td valign="middle" align="center">1 (2.5)</td>
<td valign="middle" align="center">3 (50.0)</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td valign="middle" align="left">Initial back pain score</td>
<td valign="middle" align="center">&#x00A0;</td>
<td valign="middle" align="center">1.39&#x00B1;2.29</td>
<td valign="middle" align="center">2.13&#x00B1;2.34</td>
<td valign="middle" align="center">1.08</td>
<td valign="middle" align="center">.285</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td valign="top" align="left" rowspan="2">Platelet (mL)</td>
<td valign="middle" align="left">&#xFF1C;50,000</td>
<td valign="middle" align="center">1 (4.3)</td>
<td valign="middle" align="center">1 (4.3)</td>
<td valign="top" align="center" rowspan="2">0.00</td>
<td valign="top" align="center" rowspan="2">1.000</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td valign="middle" align="left">&#x2265;50,000</td>
<td valign="middle" align="center">22 (95.7)</td>
<td valign="middle" align="center">22 (95.7)</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td valign="middle" align="left">Hemoglobin (g/dL)</td>
<td valign="middle" align="center">&#x00A0;</td>
<td valign="middle" align="center">12.10&#x00B1;1.47</td>
<td valign="middle" align="center">11.79&#x00B1;1.56</td>
<td valign="middle" align="center">0.50</td>
<td valign="middle" align="center">.613</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td valign="middle" align="left">Hematocrit (%)</td>
<td valign="middle" align="center">&#x00A0;</td>
<td valign="middle" align="center">36.00&#x00B1;4.10</td>
<td valign="middle" align="center">35.74&#x00B1;6.30</td>
<td valign="middle" align="center">0.53</td>
<td valign="middle" align="center">.590</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td valign="middle" align="left">Prothrombin time (second)</td>
<td valign="middle" align="center">&#x00A0;</td>
<td valign="middle" align="center">81.72&#x00B1;14.73</td>
<td valign="middle" align="center">79.21&#x00B1;8.24</td>
<td valign="middle" align="center">0.97</td>
<td valign="middle" align="center">.328</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td valign="middle" align="left">Partial prothrombin time (second)</td>
<td valign="middle" align="center">&#x00A0;</td>
<td valign="middle" align="center">33.68&#x00B1;3.96</td>
<td valign="middle" align="center">33.85&#x00B1;2.78</td>
<td valign="middle" align="center">0.72</td>
<td valign="middle" align="center">.468</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table-wrap-foot>
<fn id="table2-fn1-kjan-25-400"><p>Exp.=experimental group; Cont.=control group.</p></fn>
</table-wrap-foot>
</table-wrap>
<table-wrap id="t3-kjan-25-400" position="float">
<label>Table 3.</label>
<caption xml:lang="en"><p>Comparisons of Back Pain Score between Two Groups and by Time (<italic>N</italic>=46)</p></caption>
<table frame="hsides" rules="all">
<thead>
<tr>
<th valign="middle" align="center" rowspan="2">Variables</th>
<th valign="middle" align="center">Exp. (n=23)</th>
<th valign="middle" align="center">Cont. (n=23)</th>
<th valign="middle" align="center" rowspan="2">&#x00A0;</th>
<th valign="middle" align="center" rowspan="2">F</th>
<th valign="middle" align="center" rowspan="2"><italic>p</italic></th>
</tr>
<tr>
<th valign="middle" align="center">M&#x00B1;SD</th>
<th valign="middle" align="center">M&#x00B1;SD</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td valign="middle" align="left">Post-intervention 2 hrs</td>
<td valign="middle" align="center">1.86&#x00B1;2.11</td>
<td valign="middle" align="center">2.65&#x00B1;2.70</td>
<td valign="middle" align="center">Group</td>
<td valign="middle" align="center">5.81</td>
<td valign="middle" align="center">.020</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td valign="middle" align="left">Post-intervention 4 hrs</td>
<td valign="middle" align="center">1.36&#x00B1;1.16</td>
<td valign="middle" align="center">2.43&#x00B1;2.10</td>
<td valign="middle" align="center">Time</td>
<td valign="middle" align="center">9.45</td>
<td valign="middle" align="center">.004</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td valign="middle" align="left">Post-intervention 6 hrs</td>
<td valign="middle" align="center">0.52&#x00B1;0.79</td>
<td valign="middle" align="center">2.43&#x00B1;2.04</td>
<td valign="middle" align="center">Group&#x2217;Time</td>
<td valign="middle" align="center">4.93</td>
<td valign="middle" align="center">.032</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table-wrap-foot>
<fn id="table3-fn1-kjan-25-400"><p>Exp.=experimental group; Cont.=control group.</p></fn>
</table-wrap-foot>
</table-wrap>
</sec>
</back>
</article>