JRD Journal of Rheumatic Diseases J Rheum Dis 2093-940X 2233-4718 The Korean College of Rheumatology 10.4078/jrd.2016.23.2.118 jrd-23-118 Case Report A Case of Azygos Vein Thombosis Associated with Transient Antiphospholipid Syndrome in Urinary Tract Infection with Escherichia coli LeeHong Joo 1 KangYoung Mo 1 LeeEun 1 JeongByum Jin 1 JoYoung Jun 1 SeongJi Seok 1 WooYong Moon 1 JeongKyung Hwan 2 Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul Red Cross Hospital, Kyung Hee University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea Department of Nephrology, Kyung Hee University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea Corresponding to: Hong Joo Lee, Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul Red Cross Hospital, 9 Saemunan-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul 03181, Korea. E-mail: moeru1@naver.com 10 2016 31 10 2016 23 2 118 121 13022015 04052015 04062015 04062015 Copyright © 2016 The Korean College of Rheumatology 2016 This is a Free Access article, which permits unrestricted non-commerical use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Abstract

A 73-year-old female with diabetes admitted for treatment of an intertrochanter fracture of the femur and a urinary tract infection (UTI) with Escherichia coli developed thrombosis in her right azygos vein, which was thought to be associated with anti-phospholipid and immunoglobulin M anticardiolipin antibodies. After antibiotic therapy, antiphospholipid antibody was undetectable, and a repeat chest computed tomography showed complete resolution of the azygos vein thrombosis. A wide variety of infections can be associated with thrombotic events in patients with transient antiphospholipid syndrome (APS), and this case serves as a reminder that the possibility of transient APS should be considered in patients with venous thrombosis in the setting of a UTI.

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Contrast enhanced chest computed scan, axial image at pulmonary trunk bifurcation and coronal reformation, showed filling defects in the azygos vein (arrows).

Follow-up of chest computed tomography revealed complete resolution of the embolism in the azygos vein (arrows).