nps Natural Product Sciences Natural Product Sciences 1226-3907 2288-9027 The Korean Society of Pharmacognosy 10.20307/nps.2016.22.2.134 nps-22-134 Original Article Phytochemical Identification from Boehmeria nivea Leaves and Analysis of (–)-Loliolide by HPLC Cho Sunghun 1 Lee Dong Gu 1 Jung Yong-Su 2 Kim Ho Bang 3 Cho Eun Ju 4 Lee Sanghyun 1 ∗ Department of Integrative Plant Science, Chung-Ang University, Anseong 17546, Korea Yeong-Gwang Agricultural Technology Center, Yeonggwang 57031, Korea Life Sciences Research Institute, Biomedic Co., Ltd., Bucheon 14548, Korea Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Korea Author for correspondence Sanghyun Lee, Department of Integrative Plant Science, Chung-Ang University, Anseong 17546, Korea Tel: +82-31-670-4688; E-mail: slee@cau.ac.kr 122016 17122016 222 134139 21122015 29012016 30012016 Copyright © 2016 The Korean Society of Pharmacognosy 2016 This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0) which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Abstract

Phytochemicals were isolated from leaves of the fiber crop, ramie (Boehmeria nivea, Bn), using open column chromatography and medium pressure liquid chromatography. Their structures were identified as β-sitosterol, (−)-loliolide, rutin, and pyrimidinedione by MS,1 H-, and13 C-NMR spectroscopic analysis. Among them, (−)-loliolide was isolated for the first time from B. nivea. A content analysis of (−)-loliolide in B. nivea collected from different regions and harvest times was conducted by HPLC. The highest content of (−)-loliolide was found in Bn-23 harvested in September. These results will be helpful to use the plant which harvest in September as a high content phytochemical additive in food, health supplements, and medicinal products.

 Boehmeria nivea Urticaceae Phytochemical Identification Loliolide NMR REFERENCES Kim S. I. An M. J. Han Y. S. Pyeun J. H. J. Korean Soc. Food Sci Nutr. 1993 22 603613 Liu Z. T. Yang Y. Zhang L. Sun P. Liu Z. W. Lu J. Xiong H. Peng Y. Tang S. Carbohyd. Polym. 2008 71 1825 Kirby R. H. Vegetable fibres: World Crops Books Leonard Hill London 1963 464 Jarman C. G. Canning A. J. Mykoluk S. Trop. Sci. 1978 20 91116 Lu Y. Weng L. Cao X. Carbohyd. Polym. 2006 63 198204 Xu Q. M. Liu Y. L. Li X. R. Li X. Yang S. L. Nat. Prod. Res. 2011 25 640647 Lin C. C. Yen M. H. Lo T. S. Lin J. M. J. Ethnopharmacol. 1998 60 917 Kim J. K. Lee H. D. Kim N. H. Choi J. U. Park C. B. Bang J. K. Kor. J. Intl. Agri. 2000 12 192196 Cai X. F. Jin X. Lee D. Yang Y. T. Lee K. Hong Y. S. Lee J. H. Lee J. J. J. Nat. Prod. 2006 69 10951097 Oyarzu´n M. L. Garbarino J. A. Gambaro V. Guilhem J. Pascard C. Phytochemistry 1987 26 221223 Liu C. Zou K. Guo Z. Zhao Y. Cheng F. Zhang H. Zhongguo Zhong Yao Za Zhi 2010 35 14321434 Nho J. W. Hwang I. G. Kim H. Y. Lee Y. R. Woo K. S. Hwang B. Y. Chang S. J. Lee J. S. Jeong H. S. Food Sci. Biotechnol. 2010 19 383390 Chaturvedula V. S. P. Prakash I. Int. Curr. Pharm. J. 2012 1 239242 Jirge S. Tatke P. Gabhe S. Y. IJRAP. 2010 1 6166231974 Mori K. Tetrahedron 1974 30 10651072 Kimura J. Maki N. J. Nat. Prod. 2002 65 5758 Xian Q. Chen H. Liu H. Zou H. Yin D. Environ. Sci. Pollut. Res. Int. 2006 13 233237 Taylor H. F. Burden R. S. Phytochemistry 1970 9 22172223 Ragasa C. Y. De Luna R. D. Hofilena J. G. Nat. Prod. Res. 2005 19 305309 Yu Y. B. Lee J. H. Choi J. S. Ok K. D. Park J. C. Kor. J. Pharmacogn. 1996 27 219223 Middleton E. Jr. Kandaswami C. Theoharides T. C. Pharmacol. Rev. 2000 52 673751 Grinberg L. N. Rachmilewitz E. A. Newmark H. Biochem Pharmacol. 1994 48 643649 Kim Y. S. Lee I. K. Seok S. J. Yun B. S. Mycobiol. 2008 36 110113 Buckheit R. W. Jr. Watson K. Fliakas-Boltz V. Russell J. Loftus T. L. Osterling M. C. Turpin J. A. Pallansch L. A. White E. L. Lee J. W. Lee S. H. Oh J. W. Kwon H. S. Chung S. G. Cho E. H. Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. 2001 45 393400 Karioti A. Skaltsa H. Lazari D. Sokovic M. Garcia B. Harvala C. Z. Naturforsch. C. 2002 57 7580 Figures and Tables

Structures of compounds 1–4 from B. nivea.

HPLC chromatograms of (−)-loliolide (A) and the MeOH extract of Bn-23 (B) and −90 (C) collected in September.

Collection areas for Bn

Sample Collection area
Bn-02 Seobang variety in Hansan, Seocheon
Bn-07 Taiwan variety in Duwon, Goheung
Bn-10 Ramie in Mangun, Muan
Bn-23 Local variety in Hakgyo, Hampyeong
Bn-38 Local variety in Seocheon-4
Bn-41 White Peel variety in Biin, Seocheon-2
Bn-67 Improved variety in Gwangju, Taiwan variety in Goheung
Bn-76 Natural cross of White Peel variety
Bn-90 Local variety in Baeksu, Yeonggwang

LOD and LOQ of (−)-loliolide

Compound Calibration equationa r2b Linear range (mg/mL) LOD (mg/mL) LOQ (mg/mL)
(−)-loliolide Y = 5557.1X − 103.46 0.9999 0.005–5 0.055 0.142

Y = peak area, X = concentration of standard (mg/mL).

r2 = correlation coefficient for three data points in the calibration curve.

The content of (−)-loliolide in MeOH extracts of Bn

Harvest time Bn-02 Bn-07 Bn-10 Bn-23 Bn-38 Bn-41 Bn-67 Bn-76 Bn-90
June 5.02 6.35 6.93 5.89 4.31 4.24 4.91 5.12 5.46
July 4.32 6.42 7.72 7.97 4.05 4.32 5.65 6.67 5.39
August 3.52 5.17 3.90 4.27 3.26 4.72 3.82 3.30 3.31
September 7.04 7.25 7.43 7.86 6.76 6.38 7.60 6.79 4.77
Total 19.95 25.19 25.98 25.99 18.38 19.66 21.98 21.88 18.93

Data is represented as the mean ± SD (n = 3) in mg/g.