JKAOH Journal of Korean Academy of Oral Health J Korean Acad Oral Health 1225-388X 2093-7784 Journal of Korean Academy of Oral Health 10.11149/jkaoh.2016.40.3.143 jkaoh-40-143 Original Article Anticancer effect of mastic on human oral cancer cells KimJi-Hye1 ChoiJung-Hyuck1 JungYoun-Sook1 ChoMin-Jeong1 LeeYoung-Eun2 ParkDong-Ok2 SongKeun-Bae1 Department of Preventive Dentistry, Kyungpook National University School of Dentistry, Daegu, Korea Department of Dental Hygiene, Daegu Health College, Daegu, Korea Corresponding Author: Keun-Bae Song Department of Preventive Dentistry, Kyungpook National University School of Dentistry, 2177 Dalgubeol-daero, Jung-gu, Daegu 41940, Korea Tel: +82-53-660-6870 Fax: +82-53-423-2947 E-mail: kbsong@knu.ac.kr 092016 15092016 403 143148 11032016 30082016 09092016 Copyright © 2016 by Journal of Korean Academy of Oral Health 2016 This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/), which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Abstract Objectives

Mastic is a resinous extract from the stem and main leaves of Pistacia lentiscus, grown only in the Chios island of Greece. Mastic has antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, anticancer, and anti-ulcer activities. Although mastic has been widely studied, its inhibitory effect against cancer cells, especially oral cancer cells, has not been elucidated. The purpose of this study was to assess the anticancer effects of mastic on human oral cancer YD-10B cells.

 Methods

YD-10B cells were cultured in 0, 1, 2, 5, and 10 mg/mL mastic for 24 h. Cell count, viability, morphology, colony-forming assay, and DAPI staining were analyzed.

 Results

Mastic treatment of YD-10B cells resulted in a dose-dependent inhibition of cell growth, and almost all the cells in the 10 mg/mL culture were dead (P<0.05). Mastic treatment induced a morphological change and nuclear fragmentation in the YD-10B cells, and inhibited colony formation of YD-10B cells in a dose-dependent manner.

 Conclusions

These results indicate that mastic exhibited anticancer effects on the YD-10B cells through changes in cell morphology and apoptosis.

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Morphology changes of human oral cancer YD-10B cells by mastic. (A-F) ×400; (A) control; (B) DMSO; (C) mastic 1 μg/ml; (D) mastic 2 μg/ml; (E) mastic 5 μg/ml; (F) mastic 10 μg/ml.

The effect of mastic in the viability of human oral cancer YD-10B cells. The values are presented as mean±standard deviation. Bars with same letter means there are no significant differences among mastic concentrations by Tukey test using ranks (P>0.05).

The apoptosis effect of mastic on YD-10B cells by DAPI staining. (A-F) ×200; (A) control; (B) DMSO; (C) mastic 1 μg/ml; (D) mastic 2 μg/ml; (E) mastic 5 μg/ml; (F) mastic 10 μg/ml.

The effect of growth inhibition on YD-10B cells by clonogenic assay. (A) control; (B) DMSO; (C) mastic 1 μg/ml; (D) mastic 2 μg/ml; (E) mastic 5 μg/ml; (F) mastic 10 μg/ml.