JKAOH Journal of Korean Academy of Oral Health J Korean Acad Oral Health 1225-388X 2093-7784 Journal of Korean Academy of Oral Health 10.11149/jkaoh.2015.39.4.245 jkaoh-39-245 Original Article Activity restriction caused by maxillofacial trauma in adolescents KimIn-Ja LeeSun-Ho JuHyun-Jeong ParkSang-Su OhHyo-Won LeeHeung-Soo Department of Preventive and Public Health Dentistry, College of Dentistry, Wonkwang University, Iksan, Korea Corresponding Author: Heung-Soo Lee Department of Preventive and Public Health Dentistry, College of Dentistry, Wonkwang University, 460 Iksan-daero, Iksan 54538, Korea Tel: +82-63-850-6851 Fax: +82-63-850-6851 E-mail: smagn@wonkwang.ac.kr 122015 12122015 39 4 245 250 17082015 16092015 01102015 Copyright © 2015 Journal of Korean Academy of Oral Health 2015 This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/), which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Abstract Objectives

This study aimed to (1) survey cases of maxillofacial trauma in adolescents and (2) analyze the relationship between maxillofacial trauma and activity restriction.

 Methods

This cross-sectional study included 881 participants selected using the convenience sampling method in the Jeollanam-do and Jeollabuk-do regions. Individual self-reporting questionnaire surveys were performed.

 Results

It was found that 17.2% of adolescents experienced maxillofacial traumas, and 45.3% of them reported activity restrictions caused by the the traumas. The occurrence ratio of maxillofacial trauma was higher in male students (20.6%) than in female students (14.0%). Among the activity restrictions caused by maxillofacial traumas, chewing disturbance was the most frequent activity restriction type, showing an incidence of 54.6%, and taste disturbance was the least frequent, showing an incidence of 9.3%. All the activity restrictions in adolescents were found to have relationships with maxillofacial trauma occurring within the recent one year. Among the activity restrictions, chewing disturbance was most closely related with the trauma.

 Conclusions

Since maxillofacial traumas cause activity restrictions in adolescents, it is necessary to prepare policies for the prevention of maxillofacial trauma. Furthermore, it is necessary to intensify the education regarding treatment methods for maxillofacial trauma.

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Demographic characteristics of subjects

Characteristics Classification N (%)
School region
City 310 (35.2)
Rural area 571 (64.8)
Total 881 (100.0)
School
Middle school 453 (51.4)
High school 428 (48.6)
Total 881 (100.0)
Sex
Male 427 (48.5)
Female 454 (51.5)
Total 881 (100.0)

Experience of injury and maxiliofacial trauma among adole scents Unit: N (%)

All traumas Maxillofacial trauma The maxillofacial trauma of the all traumas
Total 307 (35.7) 150 (17.2) 150/307 (49.0)
Middle school student 156 (35.3) 86 (19.2) 86/156 (55.1)
High school student 151 (36.1) 64 (15.1) 64/151 (42.7)
P-value 0.831 0.127 0.031

Number of subjects (total n)=881.

Experience of maxillofacial trauma according to sex Unit: N (%

Experience of maxillofacial trauma
Yes No Total
Total Male 87 (20.6) 335 (79.4) 422 (100.0)
Female 63 (14.0) 386 (86.0) 449 (100.0)
Total 150 (17.2) 721 (82.8) 871 (100.0)
P
0.010
Middle school student Male 50 (23.6) 162 (76.4) 212 (100.0)
Female 36 (15.3) 200 (84.7) 236 (100.0)
Total 86 (19.2) 362 (80.8) 448 (100.0)
P
0.025
High school student Male 37 (17.6) 173 (82.4) 210 (100.0)
Female 27 (12.7) 186 (87.3) 213 (100.0)
Total 64 (15.1) 359 (84.9) 423 (100.0)
P
0.156

Rate of activity restriction due to maxillofacial trauma amon adolescents

Type Total Middle school student High school student
Activity restriction due to maxillofacial trauma 45.3% 45.1% 45.5%
Type of activity restriction
   Study disturbance 18.8% 21.5% 15.9%
   Chewing disturbance 45.7% 43.9% 47.6%
   Taste disturbance 6.3% 8.1% 4.3%
   Pronunciation disturbance 9.8% 10.1% 9.5%
   More than 2 types 15.6% 14.6% 16.7%
   More than 3 types 5.8% 7.6% 3.8%
   More than 4 types 0.7% 0.7% 0.8%

Relationship between experiences of maxillofacial trauma (past one year) and Activity restriction Unit: N (%

Activity restriction Chewing disturbance Taste disturbance Pronunciation disturbance Study disturbance
Yes No Total Yes No Total Yes No Total Yes No Total
Yes 77 (54.6) 64 (45.4) 141 (100) 13 (9.3) 127 (90.7) 140 (100) 19 (13.6) 121 (86.4) 140 (100) 33 (23.9) 105 (76.1) 138 (100)
No 60 (37.7) 99 (62.3) 159 (100) 4 (2.8) 138 (97.2) 142 (100) 9 (6.4) 132 (93.6) 141 (100) 21 (14.5) 124 (85.5) 145 (100)
Total 137 (45.7) 163 (54.3) 300 (100) 17 (6.0) 265 (94.0) 282 (100) 28 (10.0) 253 (90.0) 281 (100) 54 (19.1) 229 (80.9) 283 (100)
P=0.003 (Φ=0.167) P=0.022 (Φ=0.135) P=0.044 (Φ=0.119) P=0.044 (Φ=0.119)